The DomesdayStatistics database
(version 1b)

The DomesdayStatistics database was compiled by Dr Natasha Hodgson and myself for this project, based upon data accumulated in a variety of earlier projects.

Conventions: Problems with the data at the county level are explained in the StatisticsNotes for individual counties, and at the level of the Phillimore entry in the notes to the records in the Manors table.
	Two general conventions apply throughout: null or missing data in text fields is indicated by a dash, and in the numeric fields by a blank. There is one qualification to this last convention: missing numeric data is entered as zero where the absence of a value is the scribe's normal convention for zero, as for instance in the data for population groups and ploughteams. We have not done this for data on the geld, ploughlands, valuations, or information recorded irregularly. Inevitably there are borderline cases, such as mills, where we have taken a conservative view and left the field blank.

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The database tables

The DomesdayStatistics database consists of ten tables, linked to each other and to the Names and Places databases and to the DomesdayTextbase.

The Entries table contains four fields and 21106 records, one for each separate entry or rubric in the database; all other tables are linked or linkable to this table:
StructIdx	Numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
County	Standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
TextType	Type of entry: Boroughs (U), Customs (C), Rural (E), or Welsh (W).
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The Counties table contains three fields and 35 records, one record for each county in the database:
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Circuit	Domesday circuit in which the county is believed to be included
County name	full name of county
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The Manors table contains fifty-six fields and 19970 records, one for each separate entry, as defined by the Phillimore numbering system. This is the main table, containing all the statistical data, aggregated where necessary for the entry as a whole:
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
HeadOfManor	name of the manorial centre of groups of holdings; used for aggregating data
Geld	units liable for taxation and other public services in 1066 and 1086
gCode	code for variations in formulae in recording tax units: see Coding below
VillTax	Payment by vill when geld on the Hundred is 20 shillings (in old pence); Little Domesday only
Taxed on	assessment units on which tax is actually paid
Lords Geld	tax units on the lord's demesne: 'lordship hides'
New Land	additional, unassessed carucates or hides, often described as 'inland' or as carucates in non-carucated areas
Ploughlands	'Land for' so many ploughs, often interpreted as the area of arable land, sometimes as a new tax assessment
pCode	code for variations in formulae in recording ploughland data: see Coding below
LordsPloughs	number of ploughteams attributed to the lord of the manor, the teams each assumed to comprise 8 oxen
MensPloughs	number of ploughteams attributed to the men on the manor, the teams each assumed to comprise 8 oxen
TotalPloughs	total number of ploughteams attributed to the holding
LordsPloughsPossible	additional number of lord's ploughteams needed to bring the estate to full working capacity
MensPloughsPossible	additional number of men's ploughteams needed to bring the estate to full working capacity
TotalPloughsPossible	total number of additional ploughteams needed to bring the estate to full working capacity
villagers	number of villagers (villeins) on the holding
smallholders	number of smallholders (bordars) on the holding
slaves	number of male slaves on the holding
female slaves	number of female slaves on the holding
Freemen	number of Freemen (sokemen) on the holding
free men	number of free men (liberi homines) on the holding
priests	number of priests on the holding
cottagers	number of cottagers on the holding [cottagers with small 'c'  in Phillimore]
OtherPop	number of any major population group confined to a few counties (eg, pigmen in Devon)
MiscPop	miscellaneous population not recorded among groups with separate data fields
MiscPopCategories	categories of miscellaneous population recorded in MiscPop field
Burgesses	number of burgesses among the urban or rural population
Mills	number of mills on the holding
MillValue	value of mills on the holding
Meadow	amount of meadow
MeadowUnits	units in which meadow is recorded
Pasture	amount of pasture
PastureUnits	units in which pasture is recorded
Woodland	amount of woodland
WoodlandUnits	units in which woodland is recorded
Fisheries	number of fisheries, fishponds
Salthouses	number of salt-houses
Payments	total of payments other than mills for 1086 not included in the valuation
PaymentsUnits	categories of miscellaneous payments
Churches	number of churches on the holding
ChurchLand	land attached to church or priest
Value86	value of the holding to its lord in 1086
Value66	value of the holding to its lord in 1066
ValueQR	value of the holding to its lord, circa 1070
Values	standardised form of the formulae used to record values: see Coding below
Render	payment over and above the stated value of the holding
Waste	coded form of the formulae used to record waste
Waste66	code for recorded waste for 1066: see Coding below
WasteQR	code for recorded waste, circa 1070: see Coding below
Waste86	code for recorded waste for 1066: see Coding below
Duplicates	code for entry duplicated in whole or in part elsewhere
Subholdings	Subholdings whose data is aggregated with manorial totals (Y)
Notes	notes on problems with the data
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The ByPlace table contains thirteen fields and 22966 records, one for each vill to which any statistics are attached:
PlaceID	unique record number
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
SubIdx	numbering within Phillimore entry
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
Area	administrative area between the county and Hundred or Wapentake
Hundred	Domesday Hundred/Wapentake in which manor is described or to which it belongs
Vill	Domesday manor/vill name
Grid	4-figures OS coordinates of Domesday vill
Holding	hides, carucates, or other data indicating size or assessment of holding
Units	nature of units recorded for holding: see Coding below
Waste86	recorded waste for each place in 1086.
PlacesIdx	link to the Places index.

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The TREowners table contains sixteen fields and 24104 records, one for each pre-Conquest landholder to whom any statistics are attached:
TreID	unique record number
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
SubIdx	numbering within Phillimore entry
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
Overlord66	overlord of the 1066 estate; overlord of the 'man' in possession in 1066
Lord66	lord of the estate in 1066, in receipt of the profits of the holding
Holding	hides, carucates, or other data indicating size or assessment of holding
Units	nature of units recorded for holding: see Coding below
Value66	valuation of the holding in 1066, averaged where shared
Value66/QR/86	as for Value66 but QR and 1086 valuations are supplied where no 1066 valuations are recorded, the purpose being to facilitate estimates of the estates of pre-Conquest lords which would otherwise required complex querying: see Coding below.
V66Code	code for significant characteristics of the valuation: see Coding below
IdxOverlord66	link to Names table
IdxLord66	link to Names table
Waste66	recorded waste in 1066
OverlordCode	Code to record overlords with a jurisdictional, not a personal relationship.
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The TRWowners table contains thirteen fields and 22634 records, one for each 1086 landholder to whom any statistics are attached:
TrwID	unique record number
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
SubIdx	numbering within Phillimore entry
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
TenInChief	tenant-in-chief of the estate, holding directly of the Crown
Lord86	the immediate lord of the peasantry, either the tenant-in-chief himself or a tenant to whom he had granted the estate
Demesne86	whether held by the tenant-in-chief, subinfeudated, escheated, or farmed royal manor (Y/N/E/F)
Holding	hides, carucates, or other data indicating size or assessment of holding
Units	nature of units recorded for holding: see Coding below
Value86	valuation of the holding in 1086, averaged where shared
V86Code	code for significant characteristics of the valuation: see Coding below
Waste86	recorded waste in 1086: see Coding below.
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The YSstatistics table contains twelve fields and 2176 records and is described in Yorkshire Summary database 1b.rtf.
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The Claims table contains sixteen fields and 289 records and is described in Claims database 1b.rtf.
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The BruceFief table contains thirteen fields and 99 records, one for each separate entry, as defined by the Phillimore numbering system. The Bruce fief was a late addition to the Domesday manuscript, inserted in the 1120s:
BruceID	unique record number
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
SubIdx	numbering within Phillimore entry
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
TenantInChief	tenant-in-chief of the manor holding directly of the Crown
Area	Yorkshire Riding
Hundred	Domesday Hundred/Wapentake in which manor is described or to which it belongs
Vill	Domesday manor/vill name
Geld	units liable for taxation and other public services in 1066 and 1086
gCode	code for variations in formulae in recording tax units
Notes	notes on problems with the data
PlacesIdx	link to the Places index.
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The Livestock table contains twenty-three fields and 3230 records, one for each Phillimore entry for which livestock is recorded, that is the counties of circuits 2 (in the Exeter Domesday) and 7 (Little Domesday):
StructIdx	numerical equivalent of County/Phillimore for linkage & sorting
County	standard 3-letter abbreviation for the Domesday county
Phillimore	Phillimore entry reference
cobs 1086	number of cobs in 1086
cobs 1066	number of cobs in 1066
cattle 1086	number of cattle in 1086
cattle 1066	number of cattle in 1066
cows 1086	number of cows in 1086
cows 1066	number of cows in 1066
pigs 1086	number of pigs in 1086
pigs 1066	number of pigs in 1066
sheep 1086	number of sheep in 1086
sheep 1066	number of sheep in 1066
goats 1086	number of goats in 1086
goats 1066	number of goats in 1066
beehives 1086	number of beehives in 1086
beehives 1066	number of beehives in 1066
wild mares 1086	number of wild mares in 1086
wild mares 1066	number of wild mares in 1066
other 1086	number of other livestock in 1086
other code 1086	code for other livestock in 1086
other 1066	number of other livestock in 1066
other code 1066	code for other livestock in 1066
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Coding employed in tables

gCode: codes used in recording tax units
adjusted	hidage adjusted for detached areas
ambiguous	carucates of ambiguous character
carucates	carucates in hidated county
converted carucates	hides converted into carucates
exemption	total or partial exemption from tax
geld	standard assessment unit for county
missing hides	blank in manuscript
never assessed	never hidated for taxation
never paid tax	units on which tax not paid
no units	no tax, ploughland or ploughteam data
recorded elsewhere	recorded in another record
satellite statistic	additional statistics from satellite
tax hides	units on which tax paid
unchanged	1086 geld not given; assumed unchanged

pCode: standardised formulae used in recording ploughlands
can plough	number of ploughteams needed to plough land
land for	standard ploughland formulae
land for [x]	two formulae used; standard formulae recorded
missing ploughlands	ploughlands blank in manuscript
no ploughlands	no ploughlands; possibly recorded elsewhere
ploughs possible	number of ploughteams there 'could be'
recorded elsewhere	ploughlands recorded in another record
tre	number of ploughteams before 1066
were there	number of ploughteams previously

Waste: standardised formulae used in recording waste; formulae are often combined
always waste	recorded waste for all dates
in Forest	taken into the Forest; waste assumed (1086)
none	no recorded waste
now waste	recorded waste (1086 specified)
now waste except	recorded waste (1086 specified) with exceptions
qr waste	recorded waste circa 1070
tre waste	recorded waste (1066 specified)
was waste	recorded waste (unspecified date before 1086)
was waste except	recorded waste (before 1086) with exceptions
waste	recorded waste (1086 presumed)
waste except	recorded waste (1086 presumed) with exceptions
waste implied	implied waste normally by absence of resources (1086 presumed)

Waste66/QR/86: code for waste at different dates
I	waste implied, normally by absence of resources
N	no waste
P	partial waste
X	ambiguous: possibly waste
Y	waste

Values: standardised formulae used in recording valuations; formulae are often combined
always	value stated to be forever unchanged, assumed to refer to 3 dates
assessed elsewhere	value recorded in another record or manor
customary	customary payment (assumed all dates)
night's revenue	customary payment on some royal manors
no data	valuation omitted or not required
nothing	estate has no value
now	value for 1086
[now]	value for unspecified date (presumed 1086)
qr	value for intermediate date
tre	value for 1066
tribute	payment in kind
was	value for unspecified date before 1086

V66Code: where no valuation for 1066 is supplied, later valuations are recorded in the Value66/QR/86 field
QR value	in counties where the earliest value is the intermediate one (e.g., circuit 2), that value is recorded in Value66/QR/86 and coded thus.
1086 value	where only the 1086 valuation is supplied, that value is recorded in Value66/QR/86 and coded thus.

Units: units in which holding is recorded or described.
adjusted	hidage adjusted for detached areas
ambiguous	units of ambiguous character
carucates	carucates in hidated county
equal	aggregated data, divided equally between owners or places
geld	standard assessment unit for county
no units	no tax, ploughland or ploughteam data
ploughlands	ploughlands recorded in the absence of tax units
ploughs	ploughteams recorded in the absence of tax units or ploughlands
proportional	aggregated data, divided in proportion to another statistic
recorded elsewhere	recorded in another record
villages	some Welsh villages are the unit of ownership

V66/86
20d to the ora	20d paid for every 16d due: 20% depreciation
assessed elsewhere	recorded in another record
at face value	value given in coins at face value; by number
equal	aggregated data, divided equally between owners
farm of one night	render on royal manors, often valued £105
not separately valued	probably included in another valuation in entry
proportional	aggregated data, divided in proportion to another statistic
unvalued	no recorded valuation
weighed	value given as bullion

Duplicates
E	entry duplicated elsewhere
X	duplicate versions of E entries
G	geld, or part of geld, duplicated elsewhere (recorded in notes)
P	other statistics duplicated elsewhere (recorded in notes)
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J.J.N. Palmer,
July 2010.