# Boroughs

Text:
On the castle site there were 20 messuages [liable] for all customary dues, which paid 16s 8d a year to the King's revenue. They are not there now.

Notes:
Waste: 20 messuages on castle site TRE not there now


Text:
Besides these there were and are 60 unoccupied messuages within these quarters which gave and give their customary dues.


Text:
Besides these there are also 8 unoccupied messuages which before 1066 were fully occupied and gave all customary dues.

Notes:
Waste: 8 unoccupied messuages which before 1066
were fully occupied


Text:
In the other two quarters there were and are 140 burgesses [with as many houses], less 1/2 house, [liable] for all customary dues and for the King's tax. They had 80 closes, for which they gave and give all customary dues. Of these St Benedict's of Ramsey had 22 burgesses before 1066. Two of them were exempt from all customary dues; 30 paid 10d a year each. All other customary dues were the Abbot's, apart from the King's tax.


Text:
In these quarters before 1066 Aelfric the sheriff had a messuage, which King William afterwards granted to his wife and sons. Eustace (the sheriff) now has it; an impoverished man, together with the mother, claims it.


Text:
In these two quarters were and are 44 unoccupied messuages which gave and give their customary dues.

Notes:
Waste: 44 unoccupied messuages TRE and TRW


Text:
And besides these, also in these two quarters, Burgred the priest and Thorkil the priest had one church before 1066, with 2 hides of land and 22 burgesses, with [their] houses, who belong to this church, with full jurisdiction. Eustace the sheriff now has them all; wherefore they claim the King's mercy. Nevertheless these 22 burgesses give the King every customary due.

Notes:
Population: 22 burgesses presumably included in 116 of B1.


Text:
Bishop Geoffrey (of Coutances) has 1 church and 1 house of the above, which Eustace (the sheriff) took away from St Benedict's of Ramsey and the same St [Benedict's] still claims them.


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In this Borough Gos and Hunef <of Stukeley> had 16 houses before 1066, with full jurisdiction and market rights. These Countess Judith now has these.


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The Borough of Huntingdon answered for 50 hides for the King's tax as a fourth part of `Hurstingstone' Hundred; but it does not now pay such a tax in that Hundred, since King William placed a tax on the mint in the Borough.


Text:
From the whole of this Borough before 1066 £10 came from land tribute of which the Earl had the third part and the King two [parts]. Of this due 16s 8d, [shared] between the Earl and the King, now remain on the 20 messuages where the castle is.

Notes:
Values: there being no earl, the king acquired the whole sum  - the 'third penny' though the phrase is not employed - previously divided between king and earl; Waltheof was the pre-Conquest earl.


Text:
Besides these, from the Borough revenue the King had £20, and the Earl £10, more or less, according to how he could arrange his part. One mill pays 40s to the King, 20s to the Earl.

Notes:
Values: all sums divided between king and earl in the 'third penny' ratio; 'pays' is anachronistic as there was no earl in 1086.


Text:
In this Borough lie 2 {{hides}} carucates and 40 acres of land, and 10 acres of meadow. They divide the revenue from these, the King [having] 2 parts and the Earl the third [part]. The burgesses cultivate this land and lease it through the officers of the King and the Earl. Within the said revenue are 3 fishermen who pay 3s.

Notes:
Values: all resources divided between king and earl in the 'third penny' ratio; 'divide' is anachronistic as there was no earl in 1086. Carucates: non-gelding units.


Text:
In this Borough were 3 moneyers who paid 40s, [shared] between the King and the Earl; but they are not there now.


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In `Hurstingstone' Hundred there are lordship ploughs exempt from the King's tax. The villagers and Freemen pay tax according to the hides entered in the record, apart from [in] Broughton, where the Abbot of Ramsey pays tax with the others for 1 hide.


Text:
BEDFORD answered for a half Hundred before 1066, and does so now, in [military] expeditions, [by land] and in ships. The land of this town was never assessed in hides and is not now, except for 1 hide, which lay in [the lands of] St Paul's Church before 1066, in alms, and now rightly so lies. But Bishop Remigius wrongfully placed it outside the alms [lands] of St Paul's Church, as the men [of the Shire] state. He holds it now, and whatever belongs to it. Value 100s.

Notes:
Church duplicated in 4,9. Geld. Values: duplicated in 4,9. Customs.


Text:
In NORTHAMPTON there were 60 burgesses in the King's lordship before 1066, who had as many messuages. Now 14 of them are unoccupied; 47 are left. Besides these, there are now 40 burgesses in the new Borough, in King William's lordship.

Notes:
Population: 47 residences, 47 burgesses probably being also implied. Waste: 14 unoccupied messuages.


Text:
In this Borough the Bishop of Coutances has 23 houses at 29s 4d.


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The Abbot of St Edmunds, 1 house at 16d.


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The Abbot of Peterborough, 15 houses at 14s 8d. Two are unoccupied.


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The Abbot of Coventry, 4 houses at 12d. Three are unoccupied.


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The Abbot of Evesham, 1 house unoccupied.


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The Count of Mortain, 37 [houses] at 45s 8d. Two are unoccupied. The King has the jurisdiction of 9 of these houses.


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Countess Judith, 16 houses at 12s. One is unoccupied.


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Robert of Tosny, 4 houses at 4s. One is unoccupied.


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Ansger the chaplain the King's chaplain, 1 house of which the King ought to have the jurisdiction.


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William Peverel, 32 houses at 28s 8d. Three of them are unoccupied.


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William son of Boselin, 2 [houses] from the Holding of the Bishop of Bayeux and of Countess Judith. They pay 16d.


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William the artificer, 1 house from Robert of Bucy. It pays nothing.


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Walter of Flanders, 10 houses at 8s. One is unoccupied.


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Winemar (of Flanders), 12 houses at 3s. Four of them are unoccupied.


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Geoffrey Alselin and Ralph his nephew, 2 houses at 2s.


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Giles brother of Ansculf, 3 houses at 32d.


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Gunfrid of Chocques, 8 houses at 8s. Three are unoccupied.


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Swein son of Azur, 21 houses at 10s. They belong to Stoke [Bruerne].


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Ansfrid of Vaubadon, 2 houses at 2s from the Bishop of Bayeux's Holding.


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Baldwin, 1/2 messuage, unoccupied. Leofstan, 1 house at 4d.


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Osbern Giffard, 1 house at 4d. Godwin the priest, 1 house at 12d.


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Durand the reeve, 1 house at 16d from Robert of Tosny's Holding.


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{Dodin}, 2 houses at 20d. One is from Countess Judith, the other from Winemar (of Flanders).


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Northamptonshire pays three nights' revenue, £30 by weight; for dogs, 42 white pounds, at 20 [pence] to the {ora}; for a gift to the Queen and for hay, £10 and 5 {ora}; for a hawk, £10; for a packhorse, 20s; for alms, 20s; for a hunting horse, 20s; for Queen Edith's manor [Finedon], £40; for [Kings] Cliffe, £10.

Notes:
Values: £30 may be error for £300. The two manors are recorded in 1,26;32, duplicating the values recorded here. Customs


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The burgesses of NORTHAMPTON pay the sheriff £30 10s a year. This belongs to his revenue.


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Countess Judith has £7 from the income of this Borough.


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DOVER before 1066 paid £18, of which pence King Edward had two parts and Earl Godwin the third. Against this, the Canons of St Martin's had the other half.


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The burgesses gave 20 ships to the King once a year for 15 days. In each ship were 21 men. They did this because he had given over to them full jurisdiction.


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When the King's messengers came there, they gave 3d in winter and 2d in summer for horse passage. The burgesses found a steersman and 1 other assistant. If there was more labour, it was hired with his own money.


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From the Feast of St Michael until the Feast of St Andrew the King's truce, that is peace, was in the town. If anyone broke it, the King's reeve received the common fine for it.


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Whoever lived permanently in the town and paid customary dues to the King was exempt from toll throughout the whole of England.


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All these customs were there when King William came to England.


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After his King William's first arrival in England the town was burnt. Its valuation could not therefore be reckoned, what its value was when the Bishop of Bayeux acquired it. Now it is assessed at £40; however, the reeve pays £54, that is £24 of pence, which are 20 to the {ora}, to the King and £30 at face value to the Earl.

Notes:
Waste: town burnt. Values at 20 to the ora for the king and at face value for the earl.


Text:
In DOVER are 29 messuages whose customary dues the King has lost. Of these, Robert of Romney has 2, Ralph of Courbépine 3, William son of Theodwald 1, William son of Oger 1, William son of Theodwald and Robert Blaec 6, William son of Geoffrey 3, including the burgesses' guild-hall, Hugh de Montfort 1 house, Durand 1, Ranulf of Colombières 1, Wadard <of Cogges> 6, and [!3! Geoffrey !3!] son of Modbert 1. For these houses they all cite the Bishop of Bayeux as protector and deliverer, that is donor.

Notes:
Said to be 29 messuages but the details total 28 because 6 attributed to Wadard should be 7 (as in the Domesday Monachorum).


Text:
For the messuage which Ranulf of Colombières holds, which was an exile's, that is an outlaw's, they agree that half the land is the King's; Ranulf has both [halves] himself. Humphrey Strapfoot holds 1 messuage, half of which was forfeit to the King. Roger of Westerham made a house on the King's waterway, and has hitherto kept the King's customary dues. The house was not there before 1066.


Text:
At the entrance to DOVER harbour is a mill, which wrecks almost all ships, through its great disturbance of the sea; it does very great harm to the King and his men; it was not there before 1066. Of this, Herbert's nephew says that the Bishop of Bayeux gave permission for it to be made by his uncle, Herbert son of Ivo.


Text:
The men of four Lathes, that is The Borough Lathe, Eastry Lathe, `Limen' Lathe and Wye Lathe, agree upon the following royal laws.


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If anyone has made a fence or ditch whereby the King's public road is narrowed, or has felled into the road a tree that stood outside the road, and has carried off branch or foliage from it; for each of these offences he shall pay 100s to the King.


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If he has gone away from home without being apprehended or attached, nevertheless the King's officer should follow him and he shall be fined 100s.


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On breach of the peace, if anyone commits it and is charged on the road or attached he shall pay a fine of £8 to the King. But if he is exempt towards the King he shall not be so for the Lord whose man he is.


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For other offences it is as for breach of the peace, but he shall pay a fine of 100s.


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The King has [the fines for] these penalties over all freeholders of the whole of the County of Kent.


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When a freeholder dies then the King has the death-duty on the land, apart from the land of Holy Trinity of Canterbury, of St Augustine's of Canterbury and of St Martin's of Dover, and with these exceptions: Godric of [Bishops]bourne, Godric Karlson, Young Alnoth (of Kent), Esbiorn Big, Sired of Chilham, Thorgisl, Northmann <of Mereworth> and Azur. Over these the King has only the capital penalty even now, and he has the death-duty on the lands of those who have full jurisdiction.


Text:
And over these lands, namely {Goslaches}, Buckland, the other Buckland, the third Buckland, Hurst, 1 yoke of Oare, 1 yoke of Harty, {Schildricheham}, Macknade, Arnolton, {Oslachintone}, Perry [Court], the other Perry [Wood], Throwley, Ospringe and Horton the King has these penalties: house-breaking, breach of the peace, highway robbery.


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On adultery, over the whole of Kent the King has the [fine from the] man and the Archbishop of Canterbury [from] the woman, apart from the land of Holy Trinity of Canterbury, of St Augustine's of Canterbury and of St Martin's of Dover, from which the King has nothing.


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On theft, the King has half the goods of whoever is condemned to death.


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Whoever receives an exile without the King's permission, the King has the fine from him.


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From the aforenamed lands of Young Alnoth (of Kent) and others like him, the King has a bodyguard for 6 days at Canterbury or at Sandwich. They have food and drink from the King; if they have not had it they withdraw without penalty.


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If they are summoned to meet at the Shire they go as far as Penenden, not further. If they do not come, the King has 100s for this offence and for all others, with the exception of breach of the peace for which the fine is £8; and from the roads, as written above.


Text:
In `Limen' Lathe, in {Briseuuei} the King has a customary due, namely 2 carts and 2 sticks of eels, for one Escort; and in the land of {Sophis} he has 12d for one Escort; and from 1 yoke of `Northborough' 12d for one Escort; and from Dean [Court] 18d, and from {Gara} one Escort. These lands lie in Wye. Men from these lands guard the King at Canterbury or at Sandwich for 3 days if the King comes there.


Text:
In the Lathe of Sutton and in the Lathe of Aylesford, these had full jurisdiction: Young Brictsi, Aethelwold of Eltham, Eskil of Beckenham, Azur of Lessness, Alwin Horne, Wulfward White, Ording of Horton, Esbiorn of Chelsfield, Leofnoth of Sutton, Edward of Stone, Wulfstan of Wateringbury and Leofric of Wateringbury, Osward of Norton, Edith of Asholt and Alred of Yalding.


Text:
In the City of CANTERBURY King Edward had 51 burgesses who paid tribute and another 212 over whom he had full jurisdiction; and 3 mills at 40s. Now there are 19 burgesses who pay tribute. [The houses] of 32 others who were there have been destroyed, 11 in the city ditch, the Archbishop of Canterbury has 7 of them, the Abbot of St Augustine's another 14 in exchange for the castle. There are still 212 burgesses over whom the King has full jurisdiction; and the 3 mills pay 108s. The toll pays 68s; 8 acres of meadow which used to be the King's messengers' now pay 15s in tribute; 1000 acres of unproductive woodland which produce 24s. In total, value before 1066, £51; as much when Haimo the sheriff acquired it; now assessed at £50. However the present holder pays £30 assayed and weighed, and £24 at face value. Over and above all this the sheriff has 110s.

Notes:
Waste: houses destroyed. Population: 21 houses assumed by Darby to imply burgesses. Values: toll included in render for 1086


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A monk of Canterbury Church took away two houses of two burgesses, one outside, the other inside, the City. These were situated on the King's road.


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The burgesses had 45 messuages outside the City, from which they had tribute and customary dues; the King however had full jurisdiction. These burgesses also had from the King 33 acres of land for their tax. Ranulf of Colombières holds these houses and this land. He also has 80 acres of land over and above these, which the burgesses held in freehold from the King. He also holds 5 acres of land which rightly belong to a church. For all these Ranulf appeals to the Bishop of Bayeux as his protector.

Notes:
Church possibly recorded elsewhere. Acres assumed to be field, not geld, acres.


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Ralph of Courbépine has 4 messuages in the City, which (Earl) Harold's concubine held; of which the full jurisdiction is the King's, but up to the present he has not had it.


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Ralph of Courbépine also holds another 11 messuages from the Bishop of Bayeux in the City itself; they belonged to Esbiorn Big, and paid 11s 2 1/2d.


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The King has full jurisdiction throughout the whole City of Canterbury, apart from the land of Holy Trinity Church, of St Augustine's, of Queen Edith, of Young Alnoth (of Kent), of Esbiorn Big and of Sired of Chilham. It was agreed about the straight roads which have entry and exit through the City, that whoever does wrong on them shall pay the fine to the King; likewise regarding the straight roads outside the City as far as 1 league, 3 perches and 3 feet. If anyone digs or fixes a post within these public roads within the City or outside it, the King's reeve follows him wherever he has gone, and receives the fine for the King's works.


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The Archbishop (of Canterbury) claims the fine on roads outside the City on both sides where the land is his.


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A reeve, named Brunmann, took the customs from foreign merchants before 1066 in the land of Holy Trinity and of St Augustine's; after 1066 he acknowledged before Archbishop Lanfranc and the Bishop of Bayeux that he had received them wrongfully; he swore on the sacrament that these Churches had their customs exempt before 1066. From then on both Churches had their customs in their land, by the judgement of the King's barons, who tried the case.


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?R? The City of ROCHESTER was valued at 100s before 1066; when the Bishop acquired it, the same; value now £20; however the holder pays £40.


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In the Borough of SOUTHAMPTON The King has in lordship 76 [[79]] men who pay £7 of land tribute; before 1066 they paid as much. 27 of them each pay 8d; 2 [of them] 12d; and another 50 in number each pay 6d.

Notes:
Population: 76 men probably a scribal error for 79, the sum of the details


Text:
Before 1066 these had exempt land in the same Borough from the King himself: Odo of Winchester, Eskil the priest, Ketil, Fugel, (Earl) Tosti; the sons of Alric had 16 acres of land; Gerin [had] 18 acres; Cypping <of Headbourne> had 3 exempt houses and now Ralph of Mortimer holds them; Godwin [had] 3 houses that Bernard Pancevolt holds. Since King William came to England 65 Frenchmen and 31 Englishmen have been settled in Southampton. These all pay amongst themselves £4 6d for all customary dues.

Notes:
Geld: 34 acres assumed to be field, not geld, acres.


Text:
These listed below have the customary dues of their houses in Southampton by grant of King William: Bishop G[eoffrey dues] of 1 house; the Abbot of Cormeilles 1; the Abbot of Lyre 1; the Count of Evreux 2; Ralph of Mortimer 2; Gilbert of Bretteville 2; William son of Stur 2; Ralph of Tosny 1; Durand of Gloucester 2; Hugh of Port 1; Hugh of Grandmesnil 2; the Count of Mortain 5; Aiulf the chamberlain 5; Humphrey his brother 1; Osbern Giffard 1; Nigel the doctor 4; Richere of Les Andelys 4; Richard Poynant 1; Stephen the steersman 2; Turstin the chamberlain 2; Turstin the engineer 2; Ansketil son of Osmund 3; Reginald [son of] Croc 1. The Abbess of Wherwell has 1 fishery and a little land. Then it paid 100d; now 10s.


Text:
In the Borough of WALLINGFORD King Edward had 8 virgates of land, and in them were 276 sites, which paid £11 in tribute. Those who lived there did service for the King with horses, or by water, as far as Blewbury, Reading, Sutton [Courtenay] and Benson. The reeve gave wages or allowances to those who did so, not from the King's tribute, but from his own. All customary dues in this Borough are now as they were before. But there are 13 fewer sites. 8 were destroyed for the castle; a moneyer has 1, exempt so long as he coins money; Saewulf of Oxford has 1; (Alwy), Alsi of Faringdon's son 1, which the King gave him, as he states; Humphrey Visdeloup has 1, for which he calls the King to warrant; Nigel 1 from Henry (of Ferrers), through Swarting's inheritance, but the burgesses testify that they never had it. The King does not have the customary dues of these 13, and, further, William of Warenne has 1 site from which the King does not have customary dues. In addition there are 22 Frenchmen's messuages which pay 6s 5d. King Edward had 15 acres in which his Guards lived; Miles Crispin holds them; the [burgesses] do not know how; one of them lies in [the lands of] [Long] Wittenham, Walter Giffard's manor.

Notes:
Customs. Waste: houses destroyed for castle. Geld: hides may be size of area rather than assessment. Values: tribute, assumed to apply to both dates. Population: 22 Frenchmen's houses assumed to imply 22 Frenchmen.


Text:
Bishop Walkelin (of Winchester) has 27 sites at 25s; they are assessed in his manor of Brightwell. The Abbot of Abingdon has 2 acres, in which are 7 messuages at 4s; they belong to Oxford. Miles (Crispin), 20 messuages at 12s 10d; they lie in [the lands of] Newnham [Murren]; moreover, 1 acre, in which are 6 sites at 18d; in Haseley, 6 messuages which pay 44d; in [North] Stoke 1 messuage at 12d; in Chalgrove 1 messuage at 4d; in Sutton [Courtenay] 1 acre, in which are 6 messuages at 12d; in Bray 1 acre, and 11 messuages there at 3s. All this land belongs to Oxfordshire; however it is WALLINGFORD [lands].

Notes:
Unassigned messuages assumed to be held by Miles Crispin


Text:
Reginald has 1 acre, in which are 11 messuages at 26d; they belong to Albury, which is in Oxford[shire]. The Archbishop (of Canterbury), 6 messuages at 26d. Walter Giffard has 1 acre and 10 messuages at 6s and 3 halfpence. Robert d'Oilly, 4 messuages at 20d. Gilbert of Ghent, 1 messuage at 2 1/2d. Hugh the large of Scoca, 1 messuage at 4d. Ralph son of Seifrid, 2 sites at 12d. Hugh of [B]olbec, 1 site at 4d. Ranulf Peverel, 1 at 4d. Walter son of Other, 6 sites at 4d less 1/2d [each]. William Lovet, a piece of land at 4d.


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In Ilsley, 3 messuages at 3d. The Abbot of Battle has 5 messuages in Berkshire at 20d. 1 site, which was Bishop Peter's (of Chester), at 4d. The King, 3 sites at 6d. Henry of Ferrers, 6 sites which customarily gave 62d, before 1066 and also after, in the King's revenue; but now they give nothing. Bishop Remigius (of Lincoln), 1 site at 4d. Earl Hugh, 1 site at 16d. Godric, 1 site at 2d. Doda, 1 site at 2d. Algar, 1 at 2d. The smiths, 5 sites at 10d.


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The King, in Aldermaston, 2 sites at 5d. The Count of Evreux, 2 sites at 2 1/2d. Hugh [of] [B]olbec, 1 site at 2d. Roger of Lacy, 1 site at 12d. Robert d'Oilly, 1 site at 6d.


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The King, 1 site at 6d. Bishop Osmund (of Salisbury), 7 sites at 28d. Robert d'Oilly, 2 sites at 10d. Roger of Lacy, 5 sites at 21d. Ralph Piercehedge, 7 sites at 50d. Reinbald the priest, 1 site at 4d. (Abbey of) St Albans, 1 site, contested; it is in dispute. Brictric, 1 site at 2d. Leofeva, 1 site at 2d. Godwin, 1 site at 2d. Alwin, 1 site at 2d.


Text:
Almer the priest, another Almer the priest, Brunmann, Edwy, Edmund, William son of Osmund, Leoffled, Lambert the priest, Alwold and Godric have the tribute from their houses, and the [fines for] blood shed there, if any. If a man should be taken therein before he was charged by the King's reeve [***] except on Saturdays, because of the market, for then the King has the fine. They have the fines for adultery and for robbery, in their own houses. But other fines are the King's.


Text:
Value before 1066 £30; later £40; now £60; however, it pays £80 at face value in revenue; what belongs to {Adbrei}, 7s; Miles Molay's land, 24[s]; what the Abbot of Abingdon has, 8s; what Roger of Lacy [has], 7s; what Reginald [has], 4s.

Notes:
Values: 'pays £80 at face value'; unclear whether other values are additional


Text:
The undermentioned Oxfordshire thanes had land in WALLINGFORD: Archbishop Lanfranc, 4 houses which belong in Newington, paying 6s. Bishop Remigius, 1 house which belongs to Dorchester, paying 12d. The Abbot of St Albans, 1 house at 4s. Abbot R[hiwallon] 1 house, in Ewelme, paying 3s. Earl Hugh, 1 house, in Pyrton, paying 3s. Walter Giffard, 3 houses, in Caversham, paying 2s. Robert d'Oilly, 2 houses, in Watlington, paying 2s; and, in [Water]perry, 1 house at 2s. Ilbert of Lacy, Roger son of Seifrid, and Ordgar, 3 houses at 4s. Hugh of Bolbec, 3 houses, in Crowmarsh [Gifford], paying 3s. Hugh the large of Scoca, 1 house at 12d. Drogo, 3 houses, in Shirburn and in [South] Weston, at 4s. Robert of Armentières, 1 house, in Ewelme, at 12d. Wace, 1 house, in Ewelme, paying 3s.

Notes:
Despite the past tense and the reference to 'thanes', these landowners are all post-Conquest.


Text:
When tax was given before 1066, commonly throughout Berkshire the hide gave 3 1/2d before Christmas and as much at Whitsun. If the King sent an army anywhere, one man-at-arms only went from 5 hides and for his supplies or pay 4s were given to him for 2 months from each hide; they did not send this money to the King, but gave it to the men-at-arms. If anyone was summoned for an expedition, but did not go, he forfeited the whole of his land to the King. But if anyone who had [the reason to] stay behind promised to send another man in his place, but the man who was to be sent stayed behind, his lord was cleared for 50s. At his death, a thane or a King's household man-at-arms sent to the King as death-duty all his arms and horse, one with a saddle, another without a saddle; but if he had dogs or hawks, they were presented to the King, to accept if he wished.


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If anyone killed a man who had the King's peace, his body and all his substance were forfeit to the King. Whoever broke into the City at night paid 100s fine to the King, not to the sheriff. A man who, summoned for game-beating for a hunt, did not go paid the King 50s fine.


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In the Borough of MALMESBURY the King has 26 occupied messuages, and 25 messuages in which are houses which do not pay tax any more than waste land; each of these messuages pays 10d in tribute, that is 43s 6d altogether.


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Of the Bishop of Bayeux's Holding, half a unoccupied messuage which pays no service.


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The Abbot of Malmesbury has 4 1/2 messuages, and outside the Borough 9 Cottagers who pay tax with the burgesses.


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The Abbot of Glastonbury has 2 messuages.


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Alfred of Marlborough, half a unoccupied messuage.


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Tovi, 1, and the fourth part of 1 messuage.


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Roger of Berkeley, 1 messuage, of the King's revenue; Arnulf of Hesdin 1 messuage, likewise of the King's revenue, which he received injudiciously. These two pay no service.


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The King has 1 unoccupied messuage, of the land which Azur held.


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The King has £50 from the Borough of WILTON; it paid £22 when Hervey [* of Wilton *] acquired it in charge.


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From Wiltshire the King has £10 for a hawk; 20s for a packhorse; for hay 100s and 5 {ora}.


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From 1/2 mill at SALISBURY the King has 20s by weight.


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From the third penny of SALISBURY the King has £6; from the third penny of MARLBOROUGH, £4; from the third penny of CRICKLADE, £5; from the third penny of BATH, £11; from the third penny of MALMESBURY, £6. From the increase, £60 by weight. Edward the sheriff pays this.


Text:
Walter Hussey pays £8 to the King from the two parts of the Borough of MALMESBURY. The Borough itself paid as much before 1066. In this revenue were the pleas of Chedglow and Startley Hundreds, which belonged to the King. From its Mint the Borough itself pays 100s. Also in this Borough Earl Harold had an acre of land, on which are 4 messuages and 6 others unoccupied, and a mill which pays 10s. The whole paid 100s before 1066. When the King went on an expedition by land or sea, he had from this Borough either 20s to feed his boatmen, or he took with him one man for [each] Honour of five hides.


Text:
IN DORCHESTER before 1066 there were 172 houses. They answered for every service of the King and paid tax for 10 hides; that is, 1 silver mark for the use of the Guards, apart from the customary dues which belong to the night's revenue. There were 2 moneyers, each of them paying to the King 1 silver mark and 20s whenever the coinage was changed. Now there are 88 houses there; 100 have been completely destroyed from the time of Hugh the sheriff until now.

Notes:
Customs. Waste: 100 houses completely destroyed. Geld.


Text:
IN BRIDPORT before 1066 there were 120 houses. They answered for every service of the King and paid tax for 5 hides; that is, 1/2 silver mark for the use of the King's Guards, apart from the customary dues which belong to one night's revenue. There was 1 moneyer who paid to the King 1 silver mark and 20s whenever the coinage was changed. Now there are 100 houses there; 20 have been so neglected that those who live in them are not able to pay tax.

Notes:
Waste: 20 'neglected' houses. Customary payments. Geld


Text:
IN WAREHAM before 1066 there were 143 houses in the King's lordship. This town answered for every service of the King and paid tax for 10 hides; that is, 1 silver mark for the King's Guards, apart from the customary dues which belong to one night's revenue. There were 2 moneyers, each paying to the King 1 silver mark and 20s whenever the coinage was changed. Now there are 70 houses there; 73 have been completely destroyed from the time of Hugh the sheriff. In the part [belonging to] Abbey of St Wandrille's there are 45 houses standing and 17 are unoccupied; in the parts [belonging to] the other barons there are 20 houses standing and 60 have been destroyed.

Notes:
Geld. Customary payments. Waste: 73 houses destroyed. Houses of unnamed barons assigned to King, including 5 unassigned.


Text:
IN THE BOROUGH OF SHAFTESBURY before 1066 there were 104 houses in the King's lordship. This town answered for every service of the King and paid tax for 20 hides; that is, 2 silver marks for the King's Guards. There were 3 moneyers; each paid 1 silver mark and 20s whenever the coinage was changed. Now there are 66 houses there; 38 houses have been destroyed from the time of Hugh the sheriff until now. In the part [belonging to] the Abbess there were 153 houses before 1066; now there are 111 houses there; 42 have been utterly destroyed. The Abbess (of Shaftesbury) has 151 burgesses and 20 empty messuages and 1 garden. Value 65s.

Notes:
Customary payments. Waste: 80 houses destroyed; unassigned houses attributed to king. Geld


Text:
In the City of EXETER the King has 300 houses, less 15, which pay customary dues.


Text:
This [City] pays £18 a year. Of these B[aldwin] the sheriff has £6 weighed and assayed and Colwin (the reeve) £12 at face value from the administration of [the property of] Queen Edith.

Notes:
Customs. Payments: perhaps the third penny though the phrase is not employed.


Text:
In this City 48 houses have been destroyed since the King has come to England.


Text:
Before 1066 this City [Exeter] only paid tax when London, York and Winchester paid tax; that was, 1/2 silver mark for the use of the men-at-arms.

Notes:
Customs. Geld: 1/2 mark should be the equivalent of 5 hides; see next entry


Text:
Whenever an expedition went out by land or by sea, this City gave [as much] service as 5 hides of land.


Text:
Barnstaple, Lydford and Totnes gave [as much] service as this City.

Notes:
Customs. Geld: 5 hides, perhaps collectively


Text:
The burgesses of the City of EXETER have outside the City land for 12 ploughs which pays no customary dues except to the City itself.


Text:
The Borough of HERTFORD answered for 10 hides before 1066, but does not now do so. There were 146 burgesses in King Edward's jurisdiction.


Text:
Of these Count Alan now has 3 houses which paid dues then and now.


Text:
Eudo the steward has 2 houses which were Algar of Cokenach's, which paid dues then and now; Eudo also has a third house, which was Wulfmer of Eaton's, which does not pay dues.


Text:
Geoffrey of Bec, 3 houses which pay dues.


Text:
Humphrey of Anneville holds 2 houses with one garden under Eudo (the steward). One of these was leased to a reeve of the King's; the other, with its garden, was a burgess's, and now the burgesses claim them back, as wrongfully taken from them.


Text:
King William has another 18 burgesses who were Earl Harold's and Earl Leofwin's men, who pay all dues.


Text:
Peter of Valognes has 2 churches with 1 house, which he bought from Wulfwy of Hatfield, which pay all dues. Wulfwy could grant and sell them.


Text:
Geoffrey de Mandeville has some premises which were Esger the constable's, and 7 houses which paid no dues except the King's tax, when it was collected.


Text:
Ralph Baynard has 2 houses which paid dues then and now.


Text:
Hardwin of Scales has 14 houses which Aki had; before 1066 they gave no dues except the King's tax. Hardwin cites the King as protector for them. Further, Hardwin has one house by the King's gift, which was a burgess's, which pays all dues.


Text:
This borough town pays £20, assayed and weighed, and 3 mills pay £10 at face value; when Peter the sheriff acquired it, it paid £15 at face value; before 1066 £7 10s at face value.


Text:
BUCKINGHAM with BOURTON answered for 1 hide before 1066 and does the same now. Land for 8 ploughs; in lordship 2. The villagers have 3 1/2 ploughs; a further 2 1/2 possible. 26 burgesses, 11 smallholders and 2 slaves. 1 mill at 14s; meadow for 8 ploughs; pasture for the village livestock. In total value it paid £10 at face value before 1066; now it pays £16 in white silver.

Notes:
Geld. Manorial details recorded in Statistics database


Text:
Bishop Remigius holds the church of this Borough. Land for 4 ploughs, which belong to it. 4 ploughs there. 3 villagers, 3 smallholders and 10 cottagers. 1 mill, 10s; meadow for 2 ploughs; wood for fencing. The value is and was £6; before 1066 £7. Bishop Wulfwy held this church from King Edward.

Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database


Text:
In this Borough the Bishop of Coutances has 3 burgesses, whom Wulfward son of Edeva held. They pay 6s 6d a year, and pay the King 11d.


Text:
Earl Hugh has 1 burgess who was Burghard of Shenley's man. He pays 26d a year, and 5d to the King.


Text:
Robert d'Oilly has 1 burgess who was Azur son of Toti's man. He pays 16d, and 5d to the King.


Text:
Roger of Ivry has 4 burgesses who were also Azur son of Toti's men. They pay 7s 6d, and 13d to the King.


Text:
Hugh of Bolbec has 4 burgesses who were Alric's men. They pay 28d, and 12d to the King.


Text:
Mainou the Breton has 4 burgesses who were men of Edeva, wife of Sired. They pay 29d; they owe nothing to the King.


Text:
Hascoit Musard has 1 burgess who was Azur son of Toti's man. He pays 16d, and 2d to the King.


Text:
Arnulf of Hesdin has 1 burgess who was Wiglaf <of Barton>'s. He pays 2s a year, and 3d to the King.


Text:
William of Castellion has 2 burgesses, of the Holding of the Bishop of Bayeux, who were Earl Leofwin's men. They pay 16d, and now nothing to the King; but before 1066 they paid 3d.


Text:
From Earl Aubrey's Holding, 1 burgess pays 2d to the King.


Text:
Leofwin of Nuneham has 5 burgesses, and had them before 1066. They pay him 4s a year, and 12d to the King.


Text:
Before 1066 OXFORD paid to the King £20 a year and 6 sesters of honey for tolls, tribute and all other customary dues; and to Earl Algar £10, in addition to the mill which he had within the City.


Text:
When the King went on a [military] expedition, 20 burgesses went with him for all the others; or they gave £20 to the King, that all might be free.


Text:
Now OXFORD pays £60 at face value, at 20 [pence] to the {ora}.


Text:
In this town, within and without the wall, are 243 houses which pay tax; apart from them, there are 500 houses less 22 so unoccupied and destroyed that they cannot pay tax.

Notes:
Waste: 'In this town, within and without the wall, are 243 houses which pay tax; apart from them, there are 500 houses less 22 [478] so unoccupied and destroyed that they cannot pay tax'


Text:
The King has 20 Wall-messuages which were Earl Algar's before 1066, and which paid 14s less 2d then and now. He has 1 messuage which pays 6d and belongs to Shipton[-under-Wychwood]; another at 4d which belongs to Bloxham; a third which pays 30d and belongs to [Princes] Risborough; and 2 others at 4d which belong to Twyford in Buckinghamshire; one of them is unoccupied. The reason that they are called Wall-messuages is that if there is need and if the King commands, they repair the wall.


Text:
To the lands which Earl Aubrey held belong 1 church and 3 messuages; two of them lie [with the lands of] St Mary's Church and pay 28d; the third lies with Burford [lands] and pays 5s.

Notes:
Most of the lands of Earl Aubrey were in the king's hands in 1086.


Text:
To the lands which Earl William held belong 9 messuages which pay 7s; 3 of them are unoccupied.

Notes:
Waste: 3 unoccupied messuages. Most of the lands of Earl William were in the king's hands in 1086.


Text:
The Archbishop of Canterbury has 7 messuages which pay 38d; 4 of them are unoccupied. The Bishop of Winchester, 9 messuages which pay 62d; 3 of them are unoccupied. The Bishop of Bayeux, 18 messuages which pay 13s 4d; 4 of them are unoccupied. The Bishop of Lincoln has 30 messuages which pay 18s 6d; 16 of them are unoccupied. The Bishop of Coutances has 2 messuages which pay 14d. The Bishop of Hereford has 3 messuages which pay 13d; 1 of them is unoccupied. St Edmund's Abbey has 1 messuage which pays 6d and belongs to Taynton. Abingdon Abbey has 14 messuages which pay 7s 3d; 8 of them are unoccupied. Eynsham Abbey has 1 church and 13 messuages which pay 9s; 7 of them are unoccupied.


Text:
The Count of Mortain has 10 messuages; they pay 3s; all but 1 are unoccupied. Earl Hugh has 7 messuages; they pay 5s 8d; 4 of them are unoccupied. The Count of Evreux has 1 unoccupied messuage; it pays nothing. Henry of Ferrers has 2 messuages which pay 5s. William Peverel, 4 messuages which pay 17d; 2 of them are unoccupied. Edward the sheriff, 2 messuages which pay 5s. Arnulf of Hesdin, 3 messuages which pay 18d; 1 of them is unoccupied. Berengar of Tosny, 1 messuage which pays 6d. Miles Crispin, 2 messuages which pay 12d. Richard of Courcy, 2 messuages which pays 19d. Robert d'Oilly, 12 messuages which pay 64d; 4 of them are unoccupied. Roger of Ivry, 15 messuages which pay 20s 4d; 6 of them are unoccupied. Ranulf Flambard, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Guy of Raimbeaucourt, 2 messuages which pay 20d. Walter Giffard, 17 messuages which pay 22s; 7 of them are unoccupied. Walter's predecessor had one of them by gift of King Edward, from the 8 virgates which were liable to customary dues before 1066. Gernio has 1 messuage which pays 6d and belongs to Hampton. Manasseh's son has 1 messuage which pays 4d and belongs to Bletchingdon. All the above hold the aforesaid messuages free, because of repairing the wall. All these called Wall-messuages before 1066 were free from all customary dues except [military] expeditions and wall repair.

Notes:
Waste: 26 unoccupied messuages. Customs.


Text:
The priests of St Michael's have 2 messuages which pay 52d. The Canons of St Frideswide's have 15 messuages which pay 11s; 8 of them are unoccupied. Coleman, while he was alive, had 3 messuages at 3s 8d. William has 1 at 20d. Spracheling, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Wulfwy the fisherman, 1 messuage at 32d. Alwin has 5 messuages at 37d; 3 of them are unoccupied. Edric, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Harding (of Oxford) and Leofeva, 9 messuages which pay 12s; 4 of them are unoccupied. Aelric, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Deormann (brother of Leofstan), 1 messuage at 12d. Segrim, 1 messuage at 16d; another Segrim, 1 messuage at 2s. Smewin, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Goldwin, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Edith, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Swetmann, 1 messuage at 8d. Saewy, 1 messuage which pays nothing. Leofeva, 1 unoccupied messuage, at 10d before 1066. Aelfeva, 1 messuage at 10d. Alward, 1 messuage at 10d. Alwin, 1 unoccupied messuage. Brictred and Deormann (brother of Leofstan), 1 messuage at 16d. Alwin, 1 messuage from which he has nothing. Deorwynn, 1 messuage at 6d. Alwin the priest, 1 unoccupied house which pays nothing. Leofric, 1 which likewise pays nothing. Wulfric, 1 unoccupied messuage; however, if there is need, he will repair the wall. Swetmann the moneyer, 1 free house which pays 40d. Godwin, 1; Wulfmer, 1; Godrun, 1; Godric, 1; Alwy, 1. These 5 [houses] pay nothing. Swetmann has 2 Wall-messuages which pay 3s. Another Swetmann, 1 messuage, free, for the same service, and he has 9d. Saewold <of Rofford>, 9 messuages which pay 13s; 6 of them are unoccupied. Lodowin, 1 house, in which he lives, free, for the wall. Segrim, 3 free houses at 64d; 1 of them is unoccupied. Alwin, 1 house, free, for repairing the wall. He has 32d a year from it. If the wall is not repaired when needed by him whose job it is either he shall pay the King 40s, or he loses his house.


Text:
All the burgesses of Oxford have a pasture outside the wall in common, which pays 6s 8d.


Text:
Before 1066 the City of GLOUCESTER paid £36 at face value, 12 sesters of honey at that Borough's measure, 36 dickers of iron, 100 drawn iron rods for nails for the King's ships, and certain other petty customary dues in the hall and the King's chamber. Now the City itself pays to the King £60 at 20 [pence] to the {ora}. The King has £20 from the mint.

Notes:
Payment includes borough farm and rent from mint.


Text:
Roger of Berkeley holds 1 house in the King's lordship land, and 1 fishery in that town; it is outside the King's hands. Baldwin son of Herlwin held this before 1066.


Text:
Bishop Osbern holds the land and messuages which Edmer held. He pays 10s with another customary due.


Text:
Geoffrey de Mandeville holds 6 messuages; before 1066 these paid 6s 8d with another customary due. William (son of) Baderon 2 messuages at 30d. William the Scribe holds 1 messuage at 51d. Roger of Lacy 1 messuage at 26d. Bishop Osbern 1 messuage at 41d. Berner <of Gloucester> 1 messuage at 14d. William the Bald 1 messuage at 12d. Durand the sheriff 2 messuages at 14d. Durand also holds 1 messuage at 26d, and 1 messuage more, which pays no customary due. Hadwin holds 1 messuage which gives rent but keeps back another customary due. Gosbert 1 messuage, Dunning 1 messuage, Widard <of Farlow> 1 messuage. Arnulf the priest 1 messuage, which pays rent; he keeps back another customary due. All these messuages paid the royal customary dues before 1066; now King William has nothing from them, nor Robert the bursar his officer. These messuages were in King Edward's revenue on the day he was alive and dead; but now they have been taken away from the King's revenue and customary dues. Before 1066 the King's lordship in the City supplied all lodging or clothing; when Earl William acquired it in the revenue it supplied the clothing likewise. Where the castle is sited there were 16 houses which do not exist now, and 14 houses in the Borough of the City have been destroyed.

Notes:
Waste: 30 houses destroyed, 16 for the castle.


Text:
The Borough of WINCHCOMBE paid £6 in revenue before 1066. Of this Earl Harold had the third penny, that is, 40s. Later it paid £20, with the whole of the Hundred of this town. Durand the sheriff added 100s, and Roger of Ivry 60s. Now, with the three adjoining Hundreds, it pays £28 at 20 [pence] to the {ora}.


Text:
In the City of WORCESTER King Edward had this customary due: whenever the coinage was changed each moneyer gave 20s at London for receiving the dies for the coinage. Whenever the County paid tax the city settled for 15 hides. Also from this city the King used to have £10 himself and Earl Edwin £8. The King received no other customary due from it except for the dues on the houses as each was liable.


Text:
Now King William has in lordship both the King's part and the Earl's part. For these the sheriff of Worcestershire pays £23 5s by weight from the city, and from the King's lordship manors he pays £123 4s by weight. From the County he pays £17 by weight. He pays a further £10 of pence at 20 to the {ora}, or a Norwegian hawk, and a further 100s at face value to the Queen and 20s at 20 [pence] to the {ora} for a packhorse. These £17 by weight and £16 at face value are from the pleas of the County and from the Hundreds, and if he does not receive them from there he pays from his own resources.

Notes:
Payments exclude income from lordship manors, duplicated on royal fief (though figures do not match)


Text:
In the County itself there are 12 Hundreds; 7 of them are exempt, as the Shire states, so that the sheriff of Worcestershire has nothing in them and therefore, as he states, he loses much in revenue.


Text:
In this County if anyone has knowingly broken the peace which the King has given with his hand, he is judged an outlaw. If anyone has knowingly broken the King's peace which the sheriff gives, he will be fined 100s. A man who has committed highway robbery is fined 100s; a man who has committed house-breaking, 100s; a man who has committed rape pays no penalty other than corporal punishment. The King has these forfeitures from this County, with the exception of the land of St Peter's, Westminster, to which King Edward granted whatever [rights] he had there, as the County states.


Text:
Whenever the King marches against the enemy, if anyone when called up by his proclamation has stayed behind, if he is a free man so that he has full jurisdiction and can go with his land where he would, he is at the King's mercy with all his land. But if a free man of any other lord has stayed away from the enemy and his lord has taken another man in his place, the man who was [first] called up will pay a 40s fine to his lord. But if no one at all has gone in his place, he will give 40s himself to his lord, and his lord will pay a fine of as many shillings to the King.


Text:
In the City of HEREFORD before 1066 there were 103 men dwelling inside and outside the wall; they had the customs mentioned below.


Text:
If any of them wished to leave the City, he could sell his house with the reeve's consent to another man who was willing to perform the service owed from it, and the reeve had the third penny of this sale. But if anyone could not perform the service because of his poverty, he left his house without payment to the reeve who ensured that the house did not remain empty and that the King was not without service.


Text:
Within the city wall every whole messuage paid 7 1/2d, and 4d for the hire of horses, and on three days in August reaped at Marden, and on one day had to gather hay where the sheriff wished. The owner of a horse went three times a year with the sheriff to [hear] pleas and to [meetings of] the Hundreds at Wormelow [Tump]. When the King was engaged in hunting, by custom one man from each and every house went to stall game in the woodland.


Text:
Other men who did not have whole messuages provided escorts for the court when the King was in the City.


Text:
When a burgess who served with his horse died, the King had his horse and arms. If a man who did not have a horse died, the King either had 10s from him or his land with its houses. If anyone had not bequeathed his possessions because of untimely death, the King had all his property.


Text:
Those who lived in the City had these [same] customs, as did others likewise who lived outside the walls, except that a whole messuage outside the wall only gave 3 1/2d; the other customs were common [to both].


Text:
Any man's wife who brewed ale inside or outside the City gave 10d as a customary due.


Text:
There were six smiths in the City; each of them paid 1d from his forge and each of them made 120 horseshoes from the King's iron; for these each of them was given 3d by custom; these smiths were exempt from every other service.


Text:
There were seven moneyers there. One of these was the Bishop's moneyer. When the coinage was renewed, each of them gave 18s for acquiring the dies, and after the day on which they returned, within one month, each of them gave 20s to the King, and the Bishop (of Hereford) likewise had 20s from his moneyer. When the King came to the City, the moneyers made him as many pence as he wanted, that is from the King's silver. These seven had their own full jurisdiction. When any moneyer of the King died, the King had 20s in relief. But if he died without bequeathing his wealth, the King had all his wealth.


Text:
If the sheriff went into Wales with an army, these men went with him. But if anyone was ordered to go and did not go, he paid a fine of 40s to the King.


Text:
In this City Earl Harold had 27 burgesses who had the same customs as the other burgesses.


Text:
The reeve paid £12 from this City to King Edward and £6 to Earl Harold, and he had all the above customary dues in his revenue.

Notes:
Payments presumably represented the 'third penny', though the phrase is not employed.


Text:
The King had the three forfeitures in his lordship, that is breach of the peace, house-breaking and highway robbery. Anyone who committed one of these paid a fine of 100s to the King, no matter whose man he was.


Text:
Now the King has the City of Hereford in lordship, and the English burgesses who live there have their former customs. But the French burgesses have all their forfeitures discharged for 12d, except the three above.


Text:
This City pays the King £60 of blanched pence at face value. Between the City and 18 manors which pay their revenues in Hereford, £335 18s are accounted for, besides [revenue from] the pleas of the Hundreds and the County [courts].

Notes:
Customs.  The £335 18s from 18 manors is duplicated on the royal fief (1,1-10;39-47) so not included here.


Text:
In ARCHENFIELD the King has 3 churches. The priests of these churches bear the King's dispatches into Wales and each of them sings two masses each and every week for the King. If any one of them dies, the King has 20s from him by custom.


Text:
If any Welshman steals a man, a woman, a horse, an ox or a cow, when he is convicted of it, he first restores what he stole, and gives 20s in forfeiture; but for stealing a sheep or a bundle of sheaves he pays a fine of 2s.


Text:
If anyone kills one of the King's men or commits house-breaking, he gives the King 20s as payment for the man and 100s in forfeiture. If anyone has killed a thane's man, he gives 10s to the dead man's lord.


Text:
But if a Welshman has killed a Welshman, the relatives of the slain man gather and despoil the killer and his relatives and burn their houses until the body of the dead man is buried the next day about midday. The King has the third part of this plunder, but they have all the rest free.


Text:
Otherwise, a man who has burnt a house and is accused of it, proves his innocence through 40 men; but if he has been unable to, he will pay a fine of 20s to the King.


Text:
If anyone has concealed a sester of honey from the customary due and this is proved, he pays five [sesters] for one sester, if he holds as much land as ought to produce them.


Text:
If the sheriff summons them to a meeting of the Shire, six or seven of the nobler ones of them go with him. A man who is called and does not go, gives 2s or 1 ox to the King; a man who stays away from the Hundred [meeting] pays as much.


Text:
Anyone who does not go when ordered by the sheriff to go with him into Wales, is fined the same. But if the sheriff does not go, none of them goes.


Text:
When the army advances on the enemy, these men by custom form the vanguard and on their return the rearguard. These were the customs of the Welshmen in Archenfield before 1066.


Text:
The Borough of CAMBRIDGE answered for a Hundred before 1066. In this borough there were and are ten wards. In the first ward, 54 messuages; 2 of them are unoccupied. In this first ward, Count Alan has 5 burgesses who pay nothing. The Count of Mortain has 3 messuages of the land of Judicael (the hunter). 3 burgesses who paid 5s 8 1/2d before 1066 now pay nothing. Ralph Banks has 3 burgesses who pay nothing. Roger (of Childerley), Bishop Remigius's man, [has] 3 burgesses; they pay nothing. Erchenger has 1 burgess; he pays nothing. This single ward was accounted as two before 1066 but 27 houses have been destroyed for the castle.

Notes:
Waste: 27 houses destroyed for the castle, 2 (others?) unoccupied. Geld: the Borough 'answered for a Hundred' (hides). Customs


Text:
In the second ward were 48 messuages before 1066; 2 of them are unoccupied. 13 of these messuages pay nothing; the remaining 32 pay all dues. Count Alan has 5 of the burgesses who pay nothing and 9 who dwell on the lands of the English.


Text:
In the third ward were 41 messuages before 1066; 11 of them are unoccupied. The remaining 30 pay all dues.


Text:
In the fourth ward were 45 messuages before 1066; 24 of them are unoccupied. The 21 left pay all dues.


Text:
In the fifth ward were 50 messuages before 1066; one of these is unoccupied. All the others pay their dues.


Text:
In the seventh ward were 37 messuages before 1066. 3 Frenchmen have 3 of these messuages but pay nothing.


Text:
In the eighth ward were 37 messuages before 1066. A priest holds one of them and pays nothing.


Text:
In the ninth ward were 32 messuages before 1066; 3 of them are unoccupied.


Text:
In the tenth ward were 29 messuages before 1066; 6 of them are unoccupied, but they still answer.


Text:
From the dues of this town £7 a year; from the land-tribute £7, 2 {ora}, 2d.


Text:
Before 1066 the burgesses lent their ploughs to the sheriff three times a year, now they are demanded on nine occasions. Before 1066 they found neither cartage nor carts; they now do so through an imposed due. They also claim back for themselves from Picot the sheriff the common pasture taken away through him and by him.


Text:
Picot (the sheriff) himself has made 3 mills there which diminish the pasture and [which] have destroyed many houses. Also a mill of the Abbot of Ely, and another of Count Alan. The mills themselves pay £9 a year.


Text:
Picot (the sheriff) also had £8, a riding-horse, and arms for 1 man-at-arms from the heriot of lawmen.


Text:
When he was sheriff, Aelfric Godricson had 20s as the heriot of 1 of them.

Notes:
Aelfric Godricson was probably sheriff after 1086: Green, English sheriffs, p.29. Customs.


Text:
In the Borough of HUNTINGDON there are four quarters. In two quarters there were 116 burgesses before 1066, and still are. They pay all customary dues and the King's tax. Under them are 100 smallholders who aid them in discharging the tax. St Benedict's of Ramsey had 10 of these burgesses with full jurisdiction and every customary due, but they only paid tax before 1066. Eustace the sheriff took them from the Abbey by force, and they are now in the King's hands, with the others.


Text:
Ulf Fenman had 18 burgesses. Now Gilbert of Ghent has them, with full jurisdiction, apart from the King's tax.


Text:
The Abbot of Ely has one plot, with full jurisdiction, apart from the King's tax.


Text:
The Bishop of Lincoln had one messuage, on the castle site, with full jurisdiction. It is not there now.

Notes:
Waste: Bishop of Lincoln - anachronistic? - had messuage on castle site; not there now.


Text:
Earl Siward had one messuage with a house, with full jurisdiction, exempt from every customary due. Now Countess Judith has it.


Text:
The City of LEICESTER paid to the King £30 a year before 1066 at face value, at 20 [pence] to the {ora}, and 15 sesters of honey.


Text:
Whenever the King went on campaign by land, 12 burgesses from this Borough went with him; but if he went against the enemy by sea, they sent him 4 horses from this Borough as far as London, for bringing weapons or other things which might be needed.


Text:
Now King William has £42 10s, by weight, for all the payments of the City and County.


Text:
For a hawk, £10 at face value; for a packhorse, 20s.


Text:
From the moneyers, £20 a year at 20 [pence] to the {ora}; of these £20 Hugh of Grandmesnil has the third penny.


Text:
The Archbishop of York, 2 houses, with full jurisdiction; they belong to Tur Langton.


Text:
Earl Hugh [has] 10 houses which belong to Barrow[-upon-Soar]; 6 houses which belong to Kegworth; and 1 house which belongs to Loughborough.


Text:
Crowland Abbey has 3 houses. From all of these the King has his tax.


Text:
Hugh of Grandmesnil has 110 houses and 2 churches. Besides these he has 24 houses in this Borough shared with the King. Apart from these, Hugh also has in Leicester 24 burgesses who belong to Anstey and 13 burgesses who belong to Sileby; and 3 houses which belong to [Old] Ingarsby, 10 houses which belong to Belgrave 4 houses which belong to Broughton [Astley] 9 houses which belong to Stockerston 4 houses which belong to Wigston [Magna] 7 houses which belong to Enderby 3 houses which belong to [Earl] Shilton 10 houses which belong to Birstall 3 houses which belong to Burton [Overy] 1 house which belongs to `Bromkinsthorpe' 2 houses which belong to Desford 3 houses which he bought from Osbern, which belong to {Legham} 1 house which belongs to {Letitone} 1 house which belongs to Thurcaston


Text:
In this Borough Hugh (of Grandmesnil) also has 2 churches and 2 houses, and 4 unoccupied houses. Hugh of Gouville holds 5 houses from Hugh (of Grandmesnil) himself with full jurisdiction. These are in exchange for Watford.

Notes:
Waste: 4 unoccupied houses. Hugh of Gouville's houses assumed to be additional.


Text:
Robert of Vessey has 6 houses with full jurisdiction which belong to Newton [Harcourt], and 3 others with full jurisdiction which belong to Kibworth [Harcourt].


Text:
Geoffrey of la Guerche, 1 house which belongs to [Little] Dalby, and another which belongs to Pickwell.


Text:
In Leicester there are 4 houses which belong to Shepshed, 1 which belongs to Saddington, and 1 which belongs to Thorpe [Acre].

Notes:
Unattributed houses assumed to be royal.


Text:
In the Borough itself Henry of Ferrers and Robert the bursar have 1 burgess.

Notes:
Assumed that rights to burgess divided though 'each' may be implied.


Text:
Also in the Borough Countess Judith has 28 houses and 5s 4d from half a mill. Outside the Borough she has 6 carucates of land which belong to the Borough; she has 1 plough there and her men 3 ploughs. Meadow, 8 acres; woodland 6 furlongs long and 3 furlongs wide. Value of the whole, 40s.

Notes:
Manorial details recorded in the Statistics database.


Text:
The woodland of the whole sheriffdom, called {HERESWODE}, has [4] leagues in length and 1 league in width.


Text:
In the Borough of WARWICK the King has 113 houses in his lordship, and the King's barons have 112, from all of which the King has his tax.


Text:
The Bishop of Worcester has 9 messuages; the Bishop of Chester 7; the Abbot of Coventry 36; and 4 are waste, because of the castle site. The Bishop of Coutances has 1 house; the Count of Meulan 12 messuages. Earl Aubrey had 4, which belong to the land which he held; Hugh of Grandmesnil 4, and the monks of Pillerton have 1 from him. Henry of Ferrers has 2, Harold son of Earl Ralph 2, Robert of Stafford 6, Roger of Ivry 2, Richard the hunter 1, Ralph of Limésy 9, the Abbot of Malmesbury 1, William Bonvallet 1, William son of Corbucion 2, Geoffrey de Mandeville 1, Geoffrey of la Guerche 1, Gilbert of Ghent 2, Gilbert [of] Bouillé 1, Nicholas the bowman 1, Stephen the steersman 1, Thorkil (of Warwick) 4, Harold son of Earl Ralph 2, Osbern son of Richard 1, Christina 1, the nun Leofeva 2. These messuages belong to the lands which these barons hold outside the Borough and are there assessed.

Notes:
Waste: the 116 messuages allocated between the king's barons, of which '4 are waste, because of the castle site'.


Text:
Besides the said messuages, there are 19 burgesses in this Borough who have 19 messuages, with full jurisdiction and all customary dues, and had them thus before 1066.


Text:
Before 1066 the sheriffdom of Warwick, with the Borough and with the royal manors, paid £65 and 36 sesters of honey, or £24 8s for all that belonged to the honey. Now the revenue of the royal manors and the pleas of the County between them pay £145 a year by weight, £23 for dog-custom, 20s for a packhorse, £10 for a hawk and 100s as a premium to the Queen.


Text:
Besides this, it pays 24 sesters of honey, with the larger measure, and from the Borough 6 sesters of honey, that is, a sester at 15 pence. Of these, the Count of Meulan has 6 sesters and 5s.


Text:
The custom of WARWICK was that when the King went on an expedition by land 10 burgesses of Warwick went for all the others; whoever was notified but did not go paid a fine of 100s to the King. But if the King went against his enemies by sea, they sent him either 4 boatmen or £4 of pence.


Text:
In The Borough of STAFFORD The King has 18 burgesses and 8 unoccupied messuages in his lordship; besides these the King has 22 messuages of the Earl's Honour; 5 of them are unoccupied, the others inhabited.


Text:
The Bishop of Chester has 14 messuages; one is unoccupied.


Text:
Earl Roger has 3 messuages which lie in Sheriffhales [lands]. The Earl himself has 31 messuages within the walls; 10 of them are unoccupied.


Text:
His son Hugh (of Montgomery) holds 5 messuages from the Earldom; they belong to Worfield.


Text:
Robert of Stafford has 13 messuages of the Earl's Honour; they belong to Bradley; 6 of them are unoccupied.

Notes:
Waste: 'Robert of Stafford has 13 messuages of the Earl's Honour', 6 unoccupied


Text:
Robert of Stafford also has 41 messuages of his own Holding; 17 of them are unoccupied.


Text:
William son of Ansculf has 4 messuages of the Earldom which belong to [Upper] Penn, a manor of the Earl's; only one of them is habitable.

Notes:
Waste: William son of Ansculf has 4 messuages of the Earldom which belong to Penn, a manor of the Earl's; only 1 habitable.


Text:
Henry of Ferrers has 1 unoccupied messuage.


Text:
The priests of Stafford of the Borough have 14 messuages.


Text:
They all have full jurisdiction. The King has tax from them all each year.


Text:
Before 1066 the Borough of STAFFORD paid £9 of pence from all customary dues; two parts were the King's, the third the Earl's. Now King William has £7 from the Borough's payments, his part and the Earl's together. Robert of Stafford has half the King's own part, by the King's gift, as he says.

Notes:
Customs. Third penny, though the phrase is not employed.


Text:
In the City of SHREWSBURY there were 252 houses before 1066 and as many burgesses in these houses who paid £7 16s 8d a year in tribute. King Edward had the undermentioned customs there.

Notes:
Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37).


Text:
If anyone knowingly broke the King's peace as given by his own hand he was made an outlaw, but a man who broke the King's peace as given by the sheriff paid a fine of 100s. A man who committed highway robbery or house-breaking gave as much. King Edward had these 3 forfeitures in his lordship in the whole of England in addition to the revenues.

Notes:
Customs; fines. Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37).


Text:
When the King stayed in this City, 12 of the better citizens protected him [by] keeping watch. Similarly when he went hunting there, the better burgesses who had horses guarded him with arms. The sheriff sent 36 men on foot to stall game for as long as the King was there. However, at Marsley? park he found 36 men for 8 days as a customary due.

Notes:
Customs. Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37).


Text:
When the sheriff wished to go into Wales a man, who after being summoned by him did not go, gave 40s in forfeiture.


Text:
A woman who took a husband in any way, if she was a widow, gave 20s to the King; if a [single] girl, 10s, in whatever way she took a man.


Text:
If any burgess' house burnt down through some accident, happening or carelessness, he gave 40s to the King in forfeiture and 2s to each of his two nearer neighbours.


Text:
When a burgess who was in the King's lordship died, the King had 10s in relief.


Text:
If any burgess broke the time-limit which the sheriff placed on him, he paid a fine of 10s.


Text:
A man who shed blood paid a fine of 40s.


Text:
When the King left the City, the sheriff sent him 24 horses from? Leintwardine and the King took these as far as the first manor in Staffordshire.


Text:
The King had three moneyers there who after they had bought the money dies, like other moneyers in the country, each gave 20s to the King on the 15th day and this was done when the coinage was changed.


Text:
In total this City paid £30 a year. The King had two parts and the sheriff the third. In the year preceding this survey it paid £40 to Earl Roger.

Notes:
The third penny, though the phrase is not employed and the earl normally received the third part. Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37).


Text:
This City paid tax for 100 hides before 1066. Of these, St Alkmund's (of Shrewsbury) had 2 hides, St Juliana's (of Shrewsbury) 1/2 hide, St Milburga's (of Much Wenlock) 1 hide, St Chad's (of Shrewsbury) 1 1/2 hides, St Mary's (of Shrewsbury) 1 virgate, the Bishop of Chester 1 hide and (Queen) Edith 3 hides which Ralph of Mortimer has.

Notes:
Geld. Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37).


Text:
The English burgesses of SHREWSBURY state that it is very hard on them that they pay as much tax as was paid before 1066, although the Earl Roger's castle has taken over 51 messuages and 50 other messuages are unoccupied and 43 French burgesses hold messuages which paid tax before 1066 and the Earl has himself given to the Abbey, which he is building there, 39 burgesses who once paid tax likewise with the others. In total there are 200 messuages, less 7, which do not pay tax.

Notes:
Earl Roger held the city and the county and 'the whole of the lordship which King Edward had there' (4,1,37). Waste: 51 messuages waste for castle; another 50 are unoccupied. Total of 193 either an error or assumes 10 unmentioned messuages (see 1,1).


Text:
The City of CHESTER paid tax on 50 hides before 1066. 3 1/2 hides which are outside the City, that is 1 1/2 hides beyond the bridge and 2 hides in Newton and `Redcliff' and in the Bishop's Borough, these paid tax with the City.

Notes:
Geld. Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25


Text:
Before 1066 there were 431 houses in the City paying tax, and besides these the Bishop had 56 houses paying tax. This City then paid 10 1/2 silver marks; two parts were the King's, the third the Earl's.

Notes:
Third Penny, though the phrase is not employed. Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester.


Text:
These were the laws there. If the peace given by the King's hand, or by his writ or his commissioner, were broken by anyone, the King had 100s thereby. But if the King's peace, given by the Earl or on his orders, were broken, the Earl had the third penny of the 100s which were given for it; and if the peace given by the King's reeve or the Earl's officer were broken, the fine was 40s and the third penny was the Earl's.

Notes:
Customs; fines. Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25


Text:
If a free man, breaking the peace given by the King, killed a man in a house, his land and all his goods were the King's, and he became an outlaw himself. The Earl had the same [right], but only over his own man who paid this penalty. But no one could restore peace to any outlaw except through the King.


Text:
Whoever shed blood between Monday morning and Saturday noon was fined 10s; but from Saturday noon to Monday morning the fine for bloodshed was 20s. Similarly, whoever did so in the Twelve Days of Christmas, on Candlemas Day, on the first day of Easter, on the first day of Whitsun, on Ascension Day, on the day of the Assumption or of the Nativity of St Mary, or on All Saints' Day, paid 20s.


Text:
Whoever killed a man on these holy days was fined £4; on other days, 40s. Similarly, whoever committed breaking and entering or highway robbery on these Holidays and on a Sunday paid out a fine of £4; on other days 40s.


Text:
Whoever committed collusion with a thief in the City gave up 10s; but if a reeve of the King or the Earl incurred this penalty, he paid 20s.


Text:
Whoever committed robbery or theft or did violence to a woman in a house was fined 40s for each of these [offences].


Text:
If a widow had intercourse with any one unlawfully, she was fined 20s, but a girl 10s for such an offence.


Text:
Whoever took possession of another's land in the City, and could not prove it to be his own, was fined 40s; likewise whoever made a claim thereto, if he could not prove that it should be his.


Text:
Whoever wished to enter possession of his own or his kinsman's land paid 10s. But if he could not or would not, the reeve received his land into the King's hand.


Text:
Whoever did not pay tribute at the due term was fined 10s.


Text:
If a fire burnt the City, the man from whose house it came was fined 3 {ora} of pence and gave 2s to his next door neighbour.


Text:
Two parts of all sums forfeit were the King's, the third part the Earl's.

Notes:
Third penny. Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25


Text:
If ships arrived at the City port or left port without the King's permission, the King and the Earl had 40s from each man in the ships.


Text:
If a ship arrived against the King's peace and despite his prohibition, the King and the Earl had both the ship itself and its crew, together with everything in it.


Text:
But if it came with the King's peace and permission, those in it sold what they had without interference. But when it left the King and the Earl had 4d from each cargo; if the King's reeve instructed those who had marten-skins not to sell to anyone until they were first shown to him and he had made his purchase, whoever did not observe this instruction was fined 40s.


Text:
Any man or woman who gave false measure in the City was fined 4s when caught; similarly anyone who made bad beer was either put in the dung-stool or paid 4s to the reeves. The officer of the King or the Earl received this fine in the City, on whoever's land it was, whether the Bishop's or any other man's. Similarly with the toll; if anyone withheld it for more than three nights, he was fined 40s.


Text:
Before 1066 there were 7 moneyers in the City, who paid £7 to the King and the Earl, additional to the revenue, when the coinage was changed.

Notes:
Customs. Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25


Text:
There were then 12 judges in the City; they were from the King's, the Bishop's and the Earl's men. If any of them stayed away from the Hundred on a day when it sat without plain excuse, he was fined 10s, [shared] between the King and the Earl.


Text:
For the repair of the city wall and the bridge, the reeve used to call out one man to come from each hide in the County. The lord of any man who did not come paid a fine of 40s to the King and the Earl. The fine was additional to the revenue.


Text:
This City then paid in revenue £45 and 3 timbers of marten-skins. The third part was the Earl's and two parts the King's.


Text:
When Earl Hugh acquired it, its value was only £30, for it was thoroughly devastated; there were 205 houses less than before 1066. Now there are as many as he found there.

Notes:
Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25. Waste: city 'thoroughly devastated'; 205 houses destroyed


Text:
Mundred (the sheriff) held this City from the Earl for £70 and 1 gold mark. He also had all the Earl's pleas in the County and the Hundreds, except `Englefield', at a revenue of £50 and 1 gold mark.

Notes:
Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25. Mundred's farm assumed to represent current valuation; gold mark assumed to be £6.


Text:
The land on which St Peter's Temple stands, which Robert of Rhuddlan claimed as thaneland, never belonged to a manor outside the City, as the County proved, but belonged to the Borough, and was always in the King's and the Earl's customary dues, like [the lands] of the other burgesses. In CHESHIRE the Bishop of Chester of that City holds from the King what belongs to his Bishopric. Earl Hugh, with his men, holds all the rest of the County from the King. Roger of Poitou held the land between RIBBLE and MERSEY. Now the King holds it.

Notes:
Earl Hugh held the city and the county, apart from the lands of the bishopric of Chester: see C25.


Text:
The Bishop of Chester has these customary dues within the City ^[|Chester]^. If a free man works on a Holiday, the Bishop has 8s therefrom; from a male or female slave, however, who breaks a Holiday, the Bishop has 4s.


Text:
If a merchant reaches the City ^[|Chester]^, bringing a bale of goods, and opens it between Saturday noon and Monday, or on any other Holiday, without permission from the Bishop's officer, the Bishop has 4s fine therefrom; if one of the Bishop's men finds any man loading within the City territory [on a Holiday] the Bishop has therefrom a fine of 4s or 2 oxen.


Text:
Before 1066 there was a {Wich} ^[NANTWICH]^, where there was a salt-pit and 8 salt-houses, divided between the King and Earl Edwin, so that the King had two parts of all income and returns from the salt-houses and the Earl one third. But as well as these the Earl had a salt-house of his own, attached to his manor of Acton. From this salt-house the Earl had salt sufficient for his household for the whole year; but if any of it were sold, the King had two pence of the toll, the Earl the third penny.


Text:
In the same {Wich} ^[NANTWICH]^ many of the men of the district had salt-houses, which were subject to the following custom:


Text:
From Ascension Day to Martinmas anyone who had a salt-house might carry his own salt to his house, but if he sold any of it, either there or anywhere else throughout Cheshire, he paid toll to the King and the Earl. After Martinmas anyone who carried salt, whether his own or for sale, paid toll, except for the aforesaid salt-house of the Earl, which kept its own custom.


Text:
In a week in which these said 8 salt-houses of the King and the Earl were at work boiling, they paid on the Friday 16 boilings, 15 of which make a packload of salt; other men's salt-houses did not pay these Friday boilings between Ascension Day and Martinmas, but from Martinmas to Ascension Day they paid all boiling customs, like the salt-houses of the King and the Earl.


Text:
All these salt-houses, both of the commons and of the lords, were bounded on one side by a river and on the other by a dyke. Anyone who incurred a penalty within these boundaries could pay a fine of 2s, or of 30 boilings of salt, except for homicide, or for a theft for which the thief was condemned to death. Those who committed such offences were punished as in the rest of the shire.


Text:
If anyone were proved to have taken the toll [which he should have paid] outside the prescribed boundaries of the salt-houses, to anywhere else in the county, he returned and paid a fine, of 40s if he were a free man, of 4s if he were not free; but if he took it into another shire, he paid the fine where he was charged.


Text:
Before 1066 this {Wich} ^[NANTWICH]^ paid £21 in revenue, with all the pleas of this Hundred. When Earl Hugh acquired it, it was unoccupied, except for a single salt-house; now William Malbank holds this {Wich} from the Earl, with all the customary dues that belong to it, and the whole of this Hundred, which is assessed at 40s, of which money 30s is imposed upon the land of William himself, the other 10s upon the Bishop ^[of Chester]^'s land and upon the lands which Richard [* of Vernon *] and Gilbert [* of Venables *] have in this Hundred; the {Wich} is at a revenue of £10.

Notes:
Waste: unoccupied when acquired except for single salt-house. Customs. Revenue assumed to be divided between king and earl: see S1,1.


Text:
In Middlewich Hundred there was another {Wich} ^[MIDDLEWICH]^, [divided] between the King and the Earl. Although there were no lords' salt-houses
there, they had the same laws and customs, as set down in the above {Wich} and the King and Earl shared in the same way. This {Wich} was at a revenue of £8, and the Hundred in which it lay at 40s; the King had two parts, the Earl the third. When Earl Hugh acquired it, it was unoccupied; now the Earl holds it himself, and it is at a revenue of 25s and 2 cartloads of salt; but the value of the Hundred is 40s.

Notes:
Waste: unoccupied when acquired. Customs. Third penny.


Text:
Whoever carted purchased salt from these two {Wiches} paid 4d in toll if he had four or more oxen to his cart; if two oxen, he paid 2d toll, if there were two packloads of salt. A man from another Hundred paid 2d for a packhorse load, but a man from the same Hundred paid only 1/2d for a packload of salt.
Anyone who so overloaded a cart that the axle broke within one league of either {Wich} paid 2s to the officer of the King or the Earl, if he could be caught within the league; similarly, anyone who so overloaded a horse that he broke its back paid 2s, if caught within the league; beyond the league, nothing.


Text:
Anyone who made two packloads of salt out of one paid a fine of 40s, if the officer could catch him; if he were not found he paid no fine through anyone else.


Text:
Men on foot from another Hundred who bought salt there paid 2d on 8 man-loads; men of the same Hundred paid 1d on 8 loads.


Text:
Also in Middlewich Hundred was a third {Wich}, called NORTHWICH. It was at a revenue of £8. The same laws and customs were [kept] there as in the other {Wiches}, and the King and the Earl shared the returns similarly.


Text:
None of the thanes who had salt-houses in this {Wich} ^[NORTHWICH]^ paid the Friday salt-boilings at any time of the year. Anyone from another shire who brought a cart with 2 or more oxen paid 4d toll; a man from the same shire paid 2d a cart, by the third night after his return home; if the third night passed, he paid a fine of 40s. A man from another shire paid 1d for a packhorse load; but a man from the same shire paid 1 farthing by the third night, as stated.


Text:
If a man dwelling in this Hundred carted salt through the same county for sale, he paid 1d for each cart each time he loaded it; if he carried salt on a horse for sale, he paid 1d at Martinmas; anyone who did not pay by that date was fined 40s. All the other [customs] in these {Wiches} are similar.


Text:
This [{Wich}] ^[NORTHWICH]^ was unoccupied when Earl Hugh acquired it; value now 35s.


Text:
?B? In the Borough of DERBY before 1066 there were 243 resident burgesses. To this borough are attached 12 carucates of land taxable, which 8 ploughs can plough. This land was divided between 41 burgesses who also had 12 ploughs. From dues and tolls and fines and all customary dues, two parts [were] the King's, the third the Earl's. In the same borough 1 church was in the King's lordship, with 7 clerics, who held 2 carucates of land freely in [Little] Chester. There was also another church, likewise the King's, in which 6 clerics held 9 bovates of land in Quarndon and [Little] Eaton, likewise freely. In the town itself were 14 mills.

Notes:
Customs; fines. Geld. Third penny. Waste?: resources apparently only there TRE. Manorial details recorded in Statistics database.


Text:
Now there are 100 burgesses, and another 40 lesser [burgesses]. 103 messuages, which used to pay dues, are unoccupied. There are now 10 mills; meadow, 16 acres; underwood 3 furlongs long and 2 wide. In total, it paid £24 before 1066; now, with the mills and the village of Litchurch, it pays £30.

Notes:
Waste: 103 unoccupied messuages. Manorial details recorded in Statistics database.


Text:
?M? In LITCHURCH the King has 2 carucates of land taxable. Land for 3 ploughs. 1 Freeman and 9 villagers have 2 ploughs; meadow, 12 acres.

Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database.


Text:
In DERBY the Abbot of Burton has 1 mill and 1 messuage with full jurisdiction, and 2 messuages over which the King has jurisdiction, and 13 acres of meadow.


Text:
Geoffrey Alselin has 1 church, which was Toki (son of Auti)'s.


Text:
Ralph son of Hubert [has] 1 church, which was Leofric (brother of Leofnoth)'s, with 1 carucate of land.


Text:
Norman of Lincoln [has] 1 church which was Brun's.


Text:
Edric has there 1 church, which was his father {Colne}'s.


Text:
Earl Hugh has 2 messuages and 1 fishery, with full jurisdiction.


Text:
Henry of Ferrers [has] 3 messuages, likewise with full jurisdiction.


Text:
Osmer the priest has 1 bovate of land with full jurisdiction.


Text:
Godwin the priest [has] 1 bovate of land likewise.


Text:
At Martinmas the burgesses pay the King 12 thraves of corn, of which the Abbot of Burton has 40 sheaves.


Text:
There are 8 further messuages in the same borough with full jurisdiction. They were [Earl] Algar's; now they are the King's.


Text:
The King's two pennies and the Earl's third which come from `Appletree' Wapentake in Derby[shire] are in the sheriff's hands, or rather dues, by witness of the two shires.


Text:
Concerning Stori <of Bolingbroke>, Walter of Aincourt's predecessor, they say that he could make himself a church on his land and in his jurisdiction, without anyone's permission, and dispose of his tithe where he would.


Text:
In the Borough of NOTTINGHAM before 1066 there were 173 burgesses and 19 villagers. To this Borough are attached 6 carucates of land, [liable] to the King's tax; one meadow; underwood 6 furlongs long and 5 wide. This land was divided between 38 burgesses; from the dues of the land and the work of the burgesses it paid 75s 7d; from two moneyers 40s.

Notes:
Geld: Geld: TRW assessment recorded in B5.


Text:
In it Earl Tosti had 1 carucate of land; from the jurisdiction of this land the King had 2 pennies; the Earl had the third himself.


Text:
Hugh son of Baldric, the sheriff, found 136 men living [there]; now there are 16 less. However, Hugh erected 13 houses himself, which were not there before, on the Earl's land, in the new Borough, including them in the revenue of the old Borough.


Text:
In NOTTINGHAM is one church, in the King's lordship, in whose [land] lie 3 of the Borough's messuages and 5 bovates of land, of the above six carucates, with full jurisdiction; to this church belong 5 1/2 acres of land, of which the King has full jurisdiction.

Notes:
Geld: 5 bovates, included in B1, not recorded here.


Text:
The burgesses have 6 carucates of land for ploughing, and 20 smallholders and 14 ploughs.


Text:
They were accustomed to fish in the river Trent, and now they make a complaint that they are prevented from fishing.


Text:
Before 1066 NOTTINGHAM paid £18; now it pays £30, and £10 from the mint.


Text:
Roger of Bully has 3 messuages in NOTTINGHAM, in which 11 houses are sited, which pay 4s 7d.


Text:
William Peverel has 48 merchants' houses which pay 36s, and 12 horsemen's houses and 8 smallholders.


Text:
Ralph of Buron has 13 horsemen's houses; a merchant lives in one of them.


Text:
Ralph son of Hubert has 11 houses; 3 merchants live in them.


Text:
Geoffrey Alselin has 21 houses, and Aitard the priest 2 houses.


Text:
In the priest's croft there are 65 houses; the King has full jurisdiction in them.


Text:
Annual value of the church, with everything that belongs to it, 100s.


Text:
In the Borough ditch are 17 houses, and 6 other houses.


Text:
To William Peverel the King granted 10 acres of land, to make an orchard.


Text:
In NOTTINGHAM King Edward had 1 carucate of land with the tax. Land for 2 ploughs. Now the King has 11 villagers, who have 4 ploughs and 12 acres of meadow. Nothing in lordship. Value before 1066 £3; now the same.

Notes:
Duplicated in 1,63 (Sneinton) where the manorial details are recorded in Statistics database.


Text:
In NOTTINGHAM the river Trent and the canal and the road to York are protected so that if anyone hinders the passage of ships, or if anyone ploughs or makes a ditch within 2 perches of the King's road, he has to pay a fine of £8.


Text:
In Nottinghamshire and in Derbyshire, if the King's peace, given by his hand or seal, is broken, a fine is paid by 18 hundreds [of {ora}s]; each hundred [of {ora}s makes] £8. The King has two
parts of this fine, the Earl the third; that is, 12 hundreds [of {ora}s] are the fine paid to the King, 6 to the Earl.


Text:
If anyone is exiled according to the law for any crime, no one but the King can restore peace to him.


Text:
A thane who has more then 6 manors does not pay death-duty on his land, except to the King alone, £8. If he has only 6 or less, he pays death-duty to the sheriff, 3 silver marks, wherever he may live, within the Borough or outside.


Text:
If a thane who has full jurisdiction forfeits his land, the King and the Earl between them have half of his land and of his possessions; his lawful wife, with his lawful heirs, if there are [any] have the other half.


Text:
List of those who had full jurisdiction and market rights and the King's customary dues of 2 pennies.
The Archbishop of York over his manors
Countess Godiva over Newark Wapentake
Ulf Fenman over his land
The Abbot of Peterborough over Collingham
The Abbot of Burton
Earl Hugh over Markeaton
The Bishop of Chester
Toki [* son of Auti *]
Swein son of Svavi
Siward Barn
Azur son of Svala
Young Wulfric
Alsi {Illing}
Leofwin son of Alwin
Countess Aelfeva
Countess [* Gytha *] Goda
Alsi son of Karski over Worksop
Henry of Ferrers over Ednaston and Doveridge and Brailsford
Walter of Aincourt over Granby and Morton and Pilsley
Of all these, none could have the Earl's third penny, unless
with his assent, and that for as long as he should live, except for
the Archbishop and Ulf Fenman and the Countess Godiva.


Text:
Concerning the jurisdiction which is an adjunct of |Clifton the Earl ought to have the third part of all customary dues and work.


Text:
In ALSTOE Wapentake there are 2 Hundreds; in each 12 carucates taxable, and in each 24 ploughs possible. Half of this Wapentake is in Thurgarton Wapentake, and half [is] in Broxtowe Wapentake.


Text:
In `MARTINSLEY' Wapentake there is one Hundred, in which [are] 12 carucates of land taxable, and 48 ploughs possible, apart from the King's three lordship manors, in which 14 ploughs can plough.


Text:
These two Wapentakes are attached to the sheriffdom of Nottingham for the King's tax.


Text:
For copyright reasons, the text for Yorkshire cannot be displayed.

Notes:
Waste: one of 7 shires laid waste because of the castles.


Notes:
Waste: '540 messuages so empty they pay nothing at all'.


Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database. Waste: 4 carucates


Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database. Waste: 6 carucates


Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database. Waste: 18 carucates


Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database. Waste: 3 carucates


Notes:
Manorial details recorded in Statistics database. Waste: 1 carucate


Text:
In the City of LINCOLN there were 970 occupied messuages before 1066. This number is reckoned by the English method, [that is] 100 for 120.


Text:
In the City itself there were 12 lawmen, that is those who have full jurisdiction: Harthacnut; Swarting son of Grimbald; Ulf's son, Swartbrand, who had market rights; Walraven father of Aghmund; Alwold; Brictric; Guthroth; Wulfbert brother of Ulf; Godric son of Edeva; Siward the priest; Leofwin the priest; Healfdene the priest.


Text:
Now there are as many there who likewise have full jurisdiction: 1. Swarting in place of his father Harthacnut; 2. Swarting; 3. Swartbrand in place of his father Ulf; 4. Aghmund in place of his father Walraven; 5. Alwold; 6. Godwin son of Brictric; 7. Norman the fat in place of Guthroth; 8. Wulfbert, Ulf's brother, is still living; 9. Peter of Valognes in place of Godric son of Edeva; 10. Wulfnoth the priest in place of Siward the priest; 11. Burgwald in place of his father Leofwin who is now a monk; 12. Leodwin son of Raven in place of Healfdene the priest.


Text:
Toki son of Auti had 30 messuages in the City besides his hall and 2 1/2 churches. He had his hall exempt from every customary due. He had rent in respect of the 30 other messuages, and besides this 1d from each one, that is the land tribute. In respect of these 30 messuages the King had toll and forfeiture, as the burgesses have sworn. But Wulfgeat the priest contradicts their sworn testimony and offers to undergo ordeal that it is not as they state. Geoffrey Alselin and his nephew Ralph, Geoffrey Alselin's nephew hold this hall. Bishop Remigius holds the said 30 messuages among [the lands of] the church of St Mary with the result that Geoffrey Alselin has nothing from them, neither [in] exchange nor other payment. Geoffrey Alselin also has 1 messuage outside the wall from which he has the land tribute, as Toki (son of Auti) had.


Text:
Ralph Payenel has 1 messuage, which was Merleswein (the sheriff)'s, exempt from every customary due.


Text:
Ernwin the priest has 1 messuage of Earl Morcar's with full jurisdiction; he holds from the King in the same way as Morcar had it, as he states himself.


Text:
Gilbert of Ghent has 1 messuage, Ulf's, with full jurisdiction, another messuage from which he had 1d, and a further 1 messuage, Siward's, exempt from every customary due.


Text:
Earl Hugh has 1 messuage, Earl Harold's, with full jurisdiction, and 2 messuages from which he has the land tribute.


Text:
Roger of Bully has 1 messuage, Swein son of Svavi's, with full jurisdiction.


Text:
Countess Judith has 1 messuage, Stori <of Bolingbroke>'s, without full jurisdiction. Ivo Tallboys claims it through the burgesses.


Text:
Bishop Remigius has 1 small manor (`Willingthorpe') with 1 carucate adjacent to the City of LINCOLN, with full jurisdiction and market rights; likewise in respect of 3 messuages, 2 churches and 78 messuages except for the King's tax which they pay with the burgesses. Of these, 20 messuages are unoccupied. Of the 3 messuages above, 1 is exempt from everything, but 2 are taxed with the burgesses.


Text:
In the fields of LINCOLN outside the City there are 12 1/2 carucates of land, besides the carucate of the Bishop of the City. Of this land the King and the Earl have 8 carucates in lordship. King William gave one of them to Ulfkil for a ship which he bought from him. But the man who sold the ship is dead and no one has this carucate of land except with the King's consent. Besides these 8 carucates the King and the Earl have 231 acres of arable land, {inland}, and 100 acres of meadow.

Notes:
Geld: remaining 4.5 carucates recorded in C13-17.


Text:
Of the remaining land, that is 4 1/2 carucates, before 1066 Ulf had 1 carucate, now his son Swartbrand has it.


Text:
Before 1066 Siward the priest and Auti had another carucate, and 6 acres of meadow, which Wulfgeat the priest holds. Now Alnoth has half of this carucate and Norman son of Siward the priest the other half. But Wulfnoth the priest seized the said half of that land - and the wife of Siward the priest - while it was in the King's possession because of [a fine of] 40s which the King himself had imposed on Siward the priest.


Text:
Peter of Valognes has the third carucate which Godric had before 1066.


Text:
The fourth carucate was attached to the church of All Saints before 1066, also 12 plots and 4 crofts. Godric son of Garwine had this church, the church's land and whatever belonged to it. But now that he has become a monk the Abbot of Peterborough holds them. But all the burgesses of LINCOLN state that he has them wrongfully, because neither Garwine nor Godric his son nor anyone else could grant them outside the City or outside their family except with the King's consent. This church and what belongs to it Ernwin the priest claims by inheritance from his kinsman Godric.


Text:
St Mary's of Lincoln, where the Bishopric is now, had and has the remaining 1/2 carucate of land.

Notes:
The reference to the Bishopric of Lincoln holding land TRE is anachronistic.


Text:
Between them the churches of Lincoln and the burgesses had 36 crofts in LINCOLN, besides the 12 1/2 carucates of land which are listed above.


Text:
Of the said messuages which were occupied before 1066, 200 are now unoccupied by the English reckoning, that is 240, and by the same reckoning 760 are now occupied. See C1;26

Notes:
Waste: 240 are messuages now unoccupied; see C26 for further breakdown.


Text:
Those written below have not paid the King's tax as they ought to have: The land of St Mary's where Theodbert lives in the High Street has not paid tax; nor has the Bishop's land situated at St Lawrence's (of Lincoln) paid tax on 1 house. The Abbot of Peterborough has not paid tax on 1 house and 3 plots. Earl Hugh has not paid tax on all his land, nor has Turold of Greetwell, nor Losoard nor Ketilbiorn <of Nettleton>. Hugh son of Baldric has not paid tax on 2 plots, nor has Geoffrey Alselin, likewise on 2 plots. Nor has Gilbert paid tax on 3 houses; nor Peter of Valognes on his house; nor Countess Judith on her house; nor Ralph Payenel on 1 house; nor Ralph of Bapaume on his house; nor Ertald on his house.


Text:
The house on which the Abbot of Peterborough has not paid tax, as has been stated [above], Norman the fat claims as [part] of the King's Holding. For Guthroth his predecessor had it in pledge for 3 1/2 marks of silver.


Text:
Kolsveinn (of Lincoln) has in the City of LINCOLN 4 plots of his nephew Cola's land. Outside the City he has 36 houses and 2 churches to which nothing is attached, which he settled on waste land which the King gave him and which had never been settled before. Now the King has all the customary dues from them.


Text:
Alfred, Thorald's nephew, has 3 plots of Sibbi's land which the King gave him, in which he has all the customary dues except for the King's tax from the mint.


Text:
The Abbot of Ely has 1/2 messuage from Edstan's land.


Text:
Hugh son of Baldric has 2 plots which the King gave him.


Text:
Of the said unoccupied messuages 166 were destroyed because of the castle; the remaining 74 are unoccupied outside the castle's perimeter, not because of the oppression of the Sheriffs and officers, but because of misfortune, poverty and the ravages of fire.

Notes:
Waste: 166 messuages destroyed because of the castle; 74 are unoccupied outside the castle's perimeter, not because of the oppression of the Sheriffs and officers, but because of misfortune, poverty and the ravages of fire. Duplicates C19; not recorded.


Text:
Before 1066 the City of LINCOLN paid £20 to the King and £10 to the Earl. Now it pays £100 at face value between the King and the Earl, but the mint pays £75.

Notes:
Third penny though the phrase is not employed. Morcar was earl in 1066; there was no earl in 1086.


Text:
The customary dues of the King and the Earl in South Lincoln[shire] pay £28.

Notes:
Customs. Third penny,  though the phrase is not employed: the dues were presumably shared between king and earl in the usual ratio of 2:1. Morcar was earl in 1066; there was no earl in 1086.


Text:
In the North Riding (of Lindsey) the customary dues of the King and the Earl pay £24.


Text:
In the West Riding (of Lindsey) the customary dues of the King and the Earl pay £12.


Text:
In the South Riding (of Lindsey) the customary dues of the King and the Earl pay £15.


Text:
If the peace, given by the King's hand or by his seal, is broken, a fine is paid throughout 18 hundreds. Each hundred pays £8. 12 hundreds pay the fine to the King and 6 to the Earl.

Notes:
Customs; fines. Third penny, though the phrase is not employed.


Text:
If anyone for any crime should be exiled by the King, the Earl and the men of the Shire, no one but the King can give him peace.


Text:
The King's Borough of STAMFORD paid tax before 1066 for 12 1/2 hundreds for the army, ship service and for Danegeld. There were and are six wards: five in Lincolnshire and the sixth in Northamptonshire - it is across the bridge; however, it paid every customary due with the other [wards] except for tribute and toll, which the Abbot of Peterborough had and has.

Notes:
Customs. Geld assumed unchanged; 12.5 Hundreds, these assumed to be 12-carucate hundreds.


Text:
In these five wards before 1066 there were 141 messuages and 1/2 mill which paid all the customary dues; but now there are as many except for 5 which are unoccupied because of the construction of the castle.

Notes:
Waste:  5 messuages are unoccupied because of the construction of the castle.


Text:
In these wards there are 6 messuages which before 1066 paid all the customary dues, but now they do not pay them. Brand has 4; Ulfkil son of Merewin, 2.


Text:
In these wards there are 77 messuages of Freemen who have their lands in lordship and seek lords where they will. The King has nothing over them except for a fine [consisting] of their forfeiture, heriot and toll. 1 mill at 30s which Eustace of Huntingdon took away; it was one of the Freemen's.


Text:
In STAMFORD before 1066 there were 12 lawmen who had full jurisdiction within their houses and over their men, except for tax, heriot, forfeiture involving their bodies at 40 {ora} of silver, and robbery. They also have this now, but they are only nine; one of them has 17 messuages under him and 1/2 mill, 15s; the second, 14 messuages - one of these is unoccupied; the third, 2 messuages; the fourth, 2 1/2; the fifth, 5; the sixth, 4; the seventh, 3; the eighth, 1; the ninth, 3, but Hugh Musard has taken 2 away from him.


Text:
In these wards there are still 22 messuages and 2 churches with 12 acres of land at 14s which Ernwin the priest had before 1066; Edsi had 1 messuage. Eudo the steward now has these 23 messuages. The King had every customary due in respect of them, now he does not.


Text:
Also in this town Azur had 7 messuages and 1/2 mill before 1066; now Gunfrid of Chocques has them. To them belong 70 acres outside the town.


Text:
Young Edward had 14 messuages and 70 acres outside the town; now Countess Judith has them.


Text:
Queen Edith had 70 messuages which lay in {Roteland}, with all the customary dues, except the bakers'. Attached to them are 2 1/2 carucates of land and 1 plough, which is ploughing, and 45 acres of meadow outside the town. Now King William has them. Value £6; value before 1066 £4.


Text:
In STAMFORD the Abbot of Peterborough had and has 10 messuages which belong to Lincolnshire; 1 mill, 40s; 5s from houses and from 8 acres.


Text:
Leofwin had 9 messuages; now Alfred (of Lincoln) has them. Leofwin also [had] 1 messuage with every customary due except tax, which Guy of Raimbeaucourt has now.


Text:
Fastulfr had 1 church from the King, exempt, with 8 acres.


Text:
Albert of Lorraine [has?] 1 church, St Peter's (of Stamford), with 2 messuages and 1/2 carucate of land which lies in {Roteland}, in Hambleton. Value 10s.


Text:
The King has 600 acres of arable land outside the town in Lincolnshire.


Text:
The lawmen and burgesses have 272 acres without every customary due.


Text:
Before 1066 STAMFORD paid £15, now it pays £50 in revenue. It now pays £28 in respect of every customary due of the King's.


Text:
In TORKSEY before 1066 there were 213 burgesses. They all had the same customary dues as the men of Lincoln, and so much more, since whoever of them had a messuage in this town did not pay toll on entering or leaving nor a customary due. However, this was their [obligation]: if the King's officers should come there the men of this small town should conduct them with their ships and other equipment for navigation as far as York, and the sheriff should find supplies for the officers and the sailors out of his revenue. But if any of the burgesses wished to go away anywhere and sell [his] house which was in this town, he could do it, if he wished, without the knowledge and permission of the reeve.


Text:
Queen Edith had this small town of TORKSEY and the manor of Hardwick adjacent to it in lordship and she had 2 carucates of land without tax outside the town. Now the King has them in lordship; there are 102 burgesses who live there, but 111 messuages are unoccupied. To this town belong 20 acres of meadow, 60 acres of underwood and 11 fisheries. One of them is Berengar of Tosny's. Value before 1066, between the King and the Earl, £18; now £30.

Notes:
Waste: 111 messuages are unoccupied. Third penny? Values: assumed shared in ratio 2:1. Morcar was earl in 1066; there was no earl in 1086.


Text:
Before 1066 TORKSEY and Hardwick paid in Lincoln the fifth penny from the City's tax. Towards this fifth part Torksey paid two pennies and Hardwick the third. (Earl) Morcar had the third penny of all the customary dues of this [place called] Torksey.


Text:
In Hardwick Swein and Godric had 1 carucate of land; 12 men lived there. Now Roger of Bully has half and the Bishop of Lincoln the other half at St Mary's of Stow. There falls to [Hardwick] the third part of the King's tax which the King does not have from that [part] which is due from TORKSEY.


Text:
Here are noted those who had full jurisdiction and market rights in Lincolnshire: the Bishop of Lincoln; Queen Edith; the Abbot of Peterborough; the Abbot of Ramsey; the Abbot of Crowland; Earl Harold; Earl Morcar; Earl Waltheof; Earl Ralph; Ulf Fenman; Merleswein (the sheriff); Thorgot (Lagr); Toki son of Auti; Stori <of Bolingbroke>; Ralph the constable; Siward Barn; Harold the constable; Fiacc; Rothulfr son of Skjaldvor; Godric son of Thorfridh; Aki son of Siward and Vigleikr his brother over their father's land; Leofwin son of Alwin; Azur son of Svala; Aelric son of Mergeat; Auti son of Azur; Aethelstan son of Godram; Thori son of Roald; Toli son of Alsi; Azur son of Burg; Wulfward White; another Ulf; Hemming; Barthi <of Sleaford>; Swein son of Svavi.


Text:
In the same COLCHESTER before 1066, 1 free man, Godric of Colchester, held 4 pieces of land and a church, and 4 hides in GREENSTEAD. On his death his sons separated the land into four parts. The King has two of these, in which belong two houses in the Borough which have always paid a customary due to the King and still pay [it]. In 2 hides, then and now 2 ploughs in lordship. Then and now 3 villagers; then and now 2 slaves. Then and now meadow and marsh, 24 acres; then 1 mill, now 1/2. Value then and now 40s. From the two other parts Count Eustace has 1 hide and John son of Waleran [has] the other hide. In Count Eustace's fourth, a whole church, 1/4 mill, and 1/4 of the meadow. Then 1 plough, now none. Value in total 30s. In John's fourth was 1 plough before 1066, now none. 1/4 mill and 1/4 of the meadow. Value in total 30s. From these two parts the King has no customary due.


Text:
The burgesses claim 5 hides of LEXDEN, which belonged to the said land which Godric of Colchester used to hold, [to be liable] to the customary due and the city's levy.


Text:
These are the King's burgesses who pay the customary due: Coleman has 1 house in COLCHESTER; and he holds 5 acres of land and has always paid the customary due to the King. Leofwin [holds] 2 houses and 25 acres of land; Wulfric, 1 house; Edwin the priest, 1 house and 20 acres; Thorkil, 1 house and nine acres; Wulfstan Eadlac, 4 houses and 20 acres; Leofwin Crist, 1 house and 10 acres; Manwin, 4 houses and 30 acres; Aelfric, 1 house and 5 acres; Hardekin, 10 1/2 houses [and] 20 acres; Alfheah the priest, 1 house and 25 acres; Leofwold, 1 house and 15 acres; another Wulfric, 1 house and 7 acres; Swartling, 1 house and 10 acres; Alward, 1 house and 2 acres; another Edwin, 1 house; Goda, 13 houses and 20 acres; Sprot, 2 houses and 3 acres; Edric, 4 houses and 15 acres; Godwin, 1 house and 15 acres; Godwin Weakfeet and his son, 5 houses and 12 acres; Blanc, 6 houses and 20 acres; another Aelfric, 2 houses and 14 acres; Stanhard, 2 1/2 houses and 10 acres; another Godwin, 1 house and 9 acres; a third Wulfric, 2 houses and 1 acre; Alsi, 1 house and 3 1/2 acres; another Alward, 2 houses and 23 acres; another Manwin, 2 houses and 7 acres; Leofsexe, 1 house and 2 1/2 acres; another Leofwin, 10 acres; Wulfwin, 1 house and 2 1/2 acres; Goding, 2 houses and 10 acres; another Goda, 1 house and 7 acres; Wulfwin the summoner, 1 house and 7 acres; Alfgar, 1 house; Wulfward, 2 houses and 1 acre. Alwin, 1 house and 10 acres; Alfgar the priest, 1 house and 1 acre; Freond, 1 house and 2 acres; Asgot, 2 houses and 1 acre; a fourth Wulfric, 2 houses; Arthur, 1 house and 4 acres; a third Edwin, 1 house and 4 acres; Saewaru, 1 house and 7 acres; Leoffled, 3 houses, 25 acres and 1 mill; a third Aelfric, 1 house; a third Godwin, 1 house; another Sprot, 1 house and 3 acres; Grimulf <of Colchester>, 2 houses and 9 acres; Saegar, 1 house and 10 acres; a fourth Aelfric, 1 house; another Alwin, 3 houses and 9 acres; a fifth Wulfric, 1 house and 6 acres; a third Sprot, 1 house and 3 acres; another Wulfward, 1 house and 8 acres; a third Leofwin, 1 house and 10 acres by agreement; a fourth Godwin, 1 house; Goldstan, 1 house and 5 acres; another Wulfwin, 1 house and 4 acres; a third Wulfward, 1 house and 3 acres; a third Wulfwin, 2 houses and 7 acres; a fifth Godwin, 2 houses and 6 acres by agreement; another Alsi, 2 houses; Leofstan, 1 house and 1 acre; Godric, 1 house; Alric, 1 house; Not, 1 house; Brictwin, 1 house and 5 acres; another Leoffled, 1 house; another Alric, 1 house and 4 1/2 acres; a fourth Edwin, 1 house and 2 1/2 acres; Shed-butter, 1 house; a third Manwin, 4 acres; Goldwin, 1 house; a sixth Wulfric, 1 house and 2 acres; Osgeat, 1 house; a fifth Edwin, 1 house and 10 acres; a seventh Wulfric, 2 houses and 5 acres; third Alwin, 2 houses; a sixth Edwin, 1 house and 3 acres; a fourth Wulfwin, 1 house; Blaecstan, 2 houses; Manstan, 2 houses and 10 acres; a fifth Aelfric, 1 house and 1 acre; a fourth Leofwin, 1 house; a fourth Alwin, 2 houses and 22 acres; a fifth Leofwin, 2 houses; another Edric, 1 house; a sixth Leofwin, 1 house; Wulfgith, 1 house; Wulfsi, 1 house; Goldric, 2 houses and 22 acres; a third Goda, 22 acres; Calebot, 7 acres; another Manstan, 2 houses and 1 acre; Wulfheah, 1 house; a fourth Manwin, 1 house; Winemar <of Colchester>, 1 house; Segrim, 3 houses and 4 acres; Leofric, 1 house; a fourth Wulfward, 1 house and 4 acres; a fifth Wulfwin, 1 house and 10 acres; a third Leoffled, 1 house and 25 acres; another Godric, 1 house; Deormann (of London), 1 house; Thorsten, 1 house; Dublel, 1 house and 1/2 acre; Godday, 2 houses; Goti Chill, 1 house and 1 acre; Stan, 1 house; Ordgeat, 1 house; Alfstan, 1 house; Tovi, 1 house; Golding, 1 house, Leofgeat, 1 house and 2 acres; another Blaecstan, 1 house; a fifth Manwin, 1 house; a fifth Alwin, 1 house; Leofson, 2 houses, a sixth Aelfric, 1 house and 2 acres; Brunmann, 1 house; a sixth Alwin, 1 house; Saewulf, 2 1/2 houses and 10 acres; a seventh Leofwin, 3 acres; an eighth Wulfric, 1 house; another Alfstan, 1 house; a sixth Godwin, 3 acres; another Goldwin, 1 house; a seventh Godwin, 1 house and 1 acre; Wicga, 1 house; Leodmer <of Claret>, 1 house; Wulfstan, 2 houses; Godson, 1 house; and 3 acres; {Elebolt}, 2 houses and 1 acre; an eighth Godwin, 1 house; Godiva, 1 house; another Leofstan, 1 house; Edward the priest, 1 house; Hakon, 1 house; Aelbert <of Colchester>, 1 house; Tate, 1 house; Saeward, 1 house; Beard, 1 house and 5 acres; Wulfward the priest, 1 house and 1 acre; Culling, 2 houses and 7 acres; Alwold, 1 house; Filiman, 1 house and 5 acres; another Godiva, 1 house; Siward the priest, 1 house and 4 acres; Pic, 1 house; a sixth Wulfwin, 3 houses and 4 acres; Leofeva, 1 house and 4 1/2 acres; a seventh Aelfric, 15 acres; Alwynn, 2 houses; a ninth Wulfric, 1 house and 1 1/2 acres; William Peche, 1 house; Best, 1 house; Rosell, 1 house and 4 acres; an eighth Leofwin, 1 house and 2 acres; a fourth Goda, 1 house; a seventh Wulfwin, 1 house; another Leofson, 1 house; Goldman, 1 house; Pote, 4 acres; a third Godric, 1 house; Siric, 1 house and 2 acres; a third Alric, 1 house and 2 acres; Lundi, 1 house; Brictric, 1 house and 9 1/2 acres; a third Leofstan, 1 house; Woodbill, 1 house; a third Blaecstan, 1 house; Alfled, 1 house; Wulfeva, 1 house and 20 acres; a fifth Goda, 1 house and 20 acres; Aeschere, 1 house and 19 acres; a fourth Godric, 1 house; Brunlocc, 1 house; Alnoth, 2 houses and 4 acres; a ninth Godwin, 1 house and 10 acres; a ninth Leofwin, 1 house and 10 acres; Aelfric the priest, 3 houses and 2 acres; Roger, 1 house and 4 acres, a fifth Godric, 1 house; an eighth Aelfric, 1 house and 2 acres; Swarting, 1 house and 10 acres; Godgyth <of Thorley>, 2 houses and 14 acres; Brunwin, 1 house and 3 acres; an eighth Wulfwin, 1 house, Brungar, 2 houses and 18 acres; Sunegod, 1 house; Siward, 1 house and 6 1/2 acres; another Wulfstan, 11 acres; Leofswith, 2 houses and 8 acres; another Segrim, 1 house; a ninth Wulfwin, 1 house, a tenth Leofwin, 1 house, another Leofric, 1 house; another Goding, 1 house and 1 acre; Wigstan, 2 houses and 30 acres; {Ainolf}, 1 house and 15 acres; Tunric, 1 house; Alstan, 5 acres; a third Alsi, 1 house; Goldhere, 1 acre; another Godson, 1 1/2 acres; a tenth Wulfwin, 1 house; a ninth Aelfric, 1 house; a tenth Godwin, 1 house; Peacock, 1 house; a seventh Alwin, 1 house; another Brictric, 1 house; a sixth Manwin, 1 house; a tenth Wulfric, 1 house; a third Godson, 6 1/2 acres; another Brunwin, 1 house; a seventh Manwin, 1 house, a third Edric, 1 house; another Leofeva, 1 house; {Owine} <of Colchester>, 1 house; another Alstan, 2 houses; another Alwold, 6 1/2 acres; an eighth Manwin, 1 house and 5 acres; a third Alward, 1 house and 15 acres; another Leodmer, 10 acres; the Abbot of St Edmund's, 2 houses and 30 acres; another Stanhard, 1 house; an eleventh Wulfwin, 1 house; Saefowl, 1 house; Leofred, 1 house and 6 acres; Aelfeva, 10 acres; a third Wulfstan, 1 house and 13 acres; an eleventh Leofwin, 2 houses; a third Leofeva, 1 house; a tenth Aelfric, 1 house; a sixth Godric, 1 house and 9 acres; an eleventh Wulfric, 1 house and 4 acres; a twelfth Wulfwin, 1 house; another Alwynn, 1 house; Tesco, 2 houses and 20 acres of land, and he owes customary dues to the King and never pays; a twelfth Wulfric, 3 acres; Stoting, 1 house; Herstan, 1 house; a third Leofric, 1 house and 42 acres; a fourth Edric, 1 house; Dela, 1 house; Hunning, 2 houses; a ninth Manwin, 2 houses; an eleventh Aelfric, 2 houses; Goti Hugh, 6 acres; a twelfth Leofwin, 1 house and 25 acres; Demiblanc, 4 houses; a third Leofson, 1 acre; another Aelfeva, 1 house; a fourth Leofeva, 3 acres; Swein, 1 house; another Wulfsi, 1 house; another Alfled, 1 house; Ralph Pinel, 4 houses below the walls, and 5 acres, and he has not paid the customary due and has given in a pledge; Ordlaf, 3 1/2 acres; Walter, 2 houses; Horrap, 1 house; an eighth Alwin, 1 house; Stanburg, 1 house; a fourth Wulfstan, 2 houses and 5 acres; Kenting, 1 house; a fourth Sprot, 1 house and 5 acres; Edwin, 1 house and 3 acres; Goti Fleet, 20 acres; Manson, 10 acres; a third Goding, 1 house and 5 acres; another Wulfeva, 5 acres; a thirteenth Wulfric, 1 house and 1 1/2 acres; Lorce Bret, 1 house and 10 acres; another Goldhere, 1 house. Apart from their land, those burgesses have 51 acres of meadow.


Text:
Haimo the steward [has] 1 house, 1 court, 1 hide of land and 15 burgesses; his predecessor Thorbiorn held this before 1066. All this, apart from his hall, paid the customary due before 1066; the burgesses still pay [a tax assessed] on their heads, but a customary due has not been paid from their land and from the hide which they hold from Haimo. In the hide, 1 plough then, now none. Meadow, then and now 6 acres. Value of all this before 1066 £4; when acquired, the same; now 40s.


Text:
Manson [has] 2 houses and 4 acres; Goda, 1 house.


Text:
Eudo the steward [has] 5 houses and 40 acres of land, which the burgesses used to hold before 1066. They paid all the customary due of burgesses; but now they do not pay the customary due, apart from [a tax assessed] on their heads. The whole of this, with 1/4 of St Peter's Church Colchester pays 30s.


Text:
Hugh de Montfort [has] 1 house, which Godric his predecessor held before 1066. Then it used to pay the King's customary due; now it does not pay, nor did it pay later on, since Hugh has had it.


Text:
Roger of Poitou [has] 1 house, which Alfled his predecessor held before 1066. It used to pay the King's customary due; now it does not pay and has not paid since Roger has had it.


Text:
Count Eustace [has] 12 houses and one which Engelric (the priest) has annexed. They paid the King's customary due before 1066; now they do not pay, and have not paid since Eustace has had them. Value 12s.


Text:
William the deacon, the Bishop's nephew, [has] 2 houses, which Thorkil held. He pays the customary due.


Text:
Otto the goldsmith [has] 3 houses which belong to Shalford, which Countess Aelfeva used to hold. They used to pay the King's customary due; now they do not pay. This is of the Queen's land.


Text:
The Abbot of Westminster [has] 4 houses, which Earl Harold held before 1066 [belonging] to Feering. Then they used to pay the customary due; now they do not pay.


Text:
Geoffrey de Mandeville [has] 2 houses, which Ginni held before 1066 [belonging] to Ardleigh. They used to pay the customary due; now they do not pay.


Text:
Swein of Essex [has] 1 house, which Goda held before 1066 [belonging] to Elmstead. Then they used to pay the King's customary due; now they only pay [a tax assessed] on a man's head.


Text:
William of Vatteville [holds] 1 house from Swein of Essex, which Robert son of Wiuhomarch held before 1066. It used to pay the customary due; now it does not pay.


Text:
Turstin Wishart [holds] 3 houses from John son of Waleran, and 1/2 hide of land, which 2 burgesses held before 1066. They used to pay the King's customary due; now they do not pay the customary due. Value of the 1/2 hide, then 10s; when acquired, 6s; now 5s.


Text:
Ranulf Peverel [has] 5 houses, which Aelmer (Milk) held before 1066 [belonging] to Terling. They used to pay the customary due; now they do not pay. One of these is outside the wall.


Text:
Ralph Baynard [has] 1 house, which Aelmer Milk held before 1066 [belonging] to Tolleshunt. They used to pay the customary due; not they do not.


Text:
The Abbess of Barking [had] 3 houses before 1066. Then it used to pay the customary due; now it does not.


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Aubrey de Vere [has] 2 houses and 3 acres of land, which Wulfwin his predecessor held before 1066. Then they used to pay the customary due.


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The King's lordship in COLCHESTER [is] 102 acres of land, of which 10 are of meadow, in which are 10 smallholders. Also 240 acres of pasture and scrubland. All this lies in the King's revenue.


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In the burgesses' common property [are] 24 acres of land, and 8 perches round the wall, from the whole of which the burgesses have 60s a year for the King's service, if it should be needed, but if not, it is divided in common.


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There is, moreover, a custom that every year, on the fifteenth day after Easter, the royal burgesses should pay 2 marks of silver. This belongs to the King's revenue. Apart from this, from each house that can pay, 6d a year for the supplies of the King's mercenaries for a [military] expedition either on land or on sea; this does not belong to the [King's] revenue. This is to be whether the King has mercenaries or makes a [military] expedition. For these 6 pence, the whole city used to pay £15 5s 3d before 1066, in each year, out of all things owed [to it]. Of this [sum] the moneyers used to pay £4 before 1066; now it pays £80 and 4 sesters of honey of 40s 4[d]. Apart from this, 100s to the sheriff in gifts; and 10s 8d for feeding the prebendaries. Apart from this, the burgesses of Colchester and of Maldon pay £20 for the mint, Waleran (father of John) arranged this. They summon the King as protector [to the fact] that he pardoned them £10. Bishop Walkelin of Winchester holds [it]; he demands £40 from them.


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In COLCHESTER is St Peter's Church Colchester which 2 priests held before 1066 in the King's alms [and] to which are attached 2 hides of land, in which were, and [are] now, 2 ploughs. Then 3 smallholders, now 4; then 3 slaves, now 2. Meadow, then and now 12 acres; then and now 1 mill; then and now 2 houses in the Borough. Total value then 30s; now 48s. Of this alms, Robert son of Ralph of Hastings claims 3 parts, and Eudo the steward holds the fourth. Before 1066 they used to pay the customary due; now it does not pay.


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Hundred of NORWICH
Before 1066 there were 1320 burgesses in NORWICH. One of them belonged to King Edward, his lord, to such an extent that he cannot withdraw or do homage without his permission. His name was Edstan. This man had 18 acres of land and 12 [acres] of meadow, 2 churches in the Borough and one-sixth of a third. To one church belonged one messuage in the Borough and 6 acres of meadow. Roger Bigot holds this of the King's gift. The King and the Earl had the full jurisdiction and customary dues of 1238 [burgesses], [* Archbishop *] Stigand [had] the full jurisdiction and patronage over 50, and [* Earl *] Harold had the full jurisdiction and patronage over 32. One of these belonged to him, his lord, to the extent that he could not withdraw or do homage without his permission. In total, they all had 80 acres of land and 20 1/2 acres of pasture. One of them was a woman, Stigand's sister, 32 acres of land. Amongst them all they had 1/2 mill and 1/4 of 1 mill and they have it still. Further [they had] 12 1/2 acres of meadow <116b> which Wihenoc [* of Burley *] took from them; now Reginald son of Ivo has them. Further [they had] 2 acres of meadow which appertained to the church of All Saints; Wihenoc [* of Burley *] also took them and now Reginald ^[son of Ivo]^ has them. A certain church of St Martin is also in the Borough, which [* Archbishop *] Stigand held before 1066; then 12 acres of land, now William of Noyers has it as part of [* Archbishop *] Stigand's Holding. [* Archbishop *] Stigand also held the church of St Michael to which are attached 112 acres of land, 6 [acres] of meadow and 1 plough. Bishop William holds this, but [it is] not of his Bishopric. The burgesses held 15 churches to which 181 acres of land and meadow belonged in alms. Before 1066, 12 burgesses held the church of the Holy Trinity, now the Bishop [holds it] of the King's gift. King William and the Earl had 180 acres of land. The Abbot had half of the church of St Laurence and 1 house from ^[abbey of]^ St Edmund. This was all before 1066. Now there are 665 English burgesses in the Borough and they pay customary dues; also 480 smallholders who, because of their poverty, pay no customary dues. Also on the land which [* Archbishop *] Stigand held before 1066, 39 of the above-mentioned burgesses now dwell and on the same [land] there are 9 empty messuages. Also on the land of which [* Earl *] Harold had the jurisdiction, there are 15 burgesses and 17 empty messuages which are in the occupation of the castle premises. Also in the Borough there are 190 messuages empty in this [area] which was in the King's and the Earl's jurisdiction and 81 in the occupation of the castle. Further, there are in the Borough 50 houses from which the King does not have his customary dues; of these Reginald, Roger Bigot's man, [has] 2 <117a> houses and 2 messuages; Robert Baron 2 houses; Abba 1 house; Rabel ^[the engineer]^ 2 houses and 2 messuages; also 2 messuages which 2 females hold; Ansculf Unlike 1 house; Theobald, the Abbot of St E[dmund's] man, 1 house; Burghard 1 house; Wala 1 house; William, Hervey de Vere's man, 1 house; Mainard the watchman 1 house; the lesser burgesses 1 house; Hervey de Vere 1 house; Ralph the bowman 2 houses and 1 messuage; Hereberd the ditcher 3 houses; Roger of Poitou 2 houses; Mainard, the Abbot of St Benedict's ^[of Holme]^ man, 1 house; Peter, the Abbot of St E[dmund]'s man, 1 messuage; Everwin a burgess 1 house; Baldwin 1 house; William an Englishman 1 house; Gerard the watchman 1 house; Robert the lorimer 1 messuage; Hildebrand the lorimer 1 house; Godwin a burgess 1 house; William, Hermer [* of Ferrers *]'s man, 1 house; Gilbert the watchman 1 house; Fulbert a certain priest of Hermer [* of Ferrers *] 1 house; Walter 1 house; Reginald son of Ivo 1 house; Richard of Saint-Clair 1 house; Hugh, W[illiam] of Ecouis's man, 1 house. Also the Bishop's men 10 houses, and in the Bishop's own court 14 messuages which King William gave to ^[Bishop]^ E[rfast] for the principal seat of the Bishopric; Gilbert the bowman 1 house and 2 messuages; William of Ecouis 1 house and ^[another]^ Mainard 1 house; the Abbot of Ely, 1 messuage. Also in the Borough the burgesses hold 43 chapels. Before 1066 all this town paid £20 to the King and £10 to the Earl, and besides this except 21s 4d [to certain] pensioners, 6 sesters of honey, 1 bear and 6 dogs for the bear; <117b> now £70 by the King's weight and a premium to the Queen of 100s at face value, 1 goshawk and £20 blanched to the Earl and 20s premium at face value to G[odwin]. Also Bishop Almer held the church of St Simon and St Jude before 1066, later ^[Bishop]^ Herfast, now ^[Bishop]^ William [holds]; 3/4 of 1 mill, 1/2 acre of meadow and 1 messuage are attached to this and it is not of the Bishopric but of Bishop Almer's patrimony. In the Borough [Bishop William] has 2 acres of meadow [which are] of the Bishopric. Value 20s. ^[King Edward held it]^

Notes:
Waste: 297 unoccupied messuages, 98 for the castle; 480 smallholders, too poor to pay dues


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In this Borough the Bishop can if he wishes have 1 moneyer. A certain house in the Borough had been unoccupied; this Ranulf son of Walter received of the King's gift. Also Walter the deacon has 1 house in the Borough but it was not there before 1066. Two of Earl (Ralph) Wader's men took 2 acres of meadow from St Sepulchre, later the priest regained it by grant of the sheriff. Earl Ralph Wader held 14 acres of land and 1 1/2 acres of meadow; later Alward of Newton held.


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THE FRENCHMEN OF NORWICH
In the new Borough 36 burgesses, 6 Englishmen; of his annual customary due each man paid 1d besides forfeitures. Of all this the King had 2 parts and the Earl the third. Now [there are] 41 French burgesses in the King's and the Earl's lordship. Also Roger Bigot has 50, Ralph of Beaufour 14, Hermer (of Ferrers) 8, Robert the bowman 5, Fulcher the Abbot's man 1, Isaac 1, Ralph Visdeloup 1, and in the Earl's bakehouse Robert Blunt has 3 and {Wimer} (of Gressinghall) 1 unoccupied messuage. All this land of the burgesses was in Earl Ralph ^[Wader]^'s lordship and he granted it to the King in common for the founding of the Borough between himself and the King, as the sheriff testifies. All these lands both of the men-at-arms and of the burgesses pay their own customary dues to the King. In the new city there is also a certain church which Earl Ralph ^[Wader]^ founded and he gave it to his chaplains. Now a certain priest, Waleran by name, holds it of the King's gift. Value 60s. As long as Robert Blunt held the county he had 1 ounce of gold from there once a year.


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Of the Half-Hundred of IPSWICH and of the Borough, Queen Edith had 2 parts before 1066, and Earl Gyrth [had] the third part.


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Before 1066 there were 538 burgesses in the Borough, who paid the customary due to the King, and had 40 acres of land. Now however there are 110 burgesses who pay the customary due and 100 poor burgesses who cannot pay anything to the King's tax, apart from 1 penny [assessed] on their heads. In total, they likewise have 40 acres of land. And in the Borough, there have been laid waste 328 messuages, which paid a levy to the King's tax before 1066.

Notes:
Waste: 328 messuages laid waste; 100 poor burgesses who cannot pay anything to the geld.


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In the same Borough Alwulf the priest has 1 church, Holy Trinity, to which belong 26 acres in alms. And Culling, a burgess, has 1 church, St Mary 's, with 26 acres. {Tumbi} [has] 1 church, St Mary 's, with 2 acres. Leofstan the priest [has] 1 church, St Augustine's, with 11 acres. Wulfwin the priest [has] 1 church, St Michael's, with 8 acres.


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In THURLESTON, in Claydon Hundred, Godric [has] 1 church, St Botolph's, with 1 acre.


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Thorkil and Edric have been holding 1 church, St Laurence's, with 12 acres; it was half a year at the feast of St John. Leoffled, a free woman, held this church before 1066; Count Alan claims it as of Earl Ralph ^[Wader]^'s Holding, and he recalls Ivo Tallboys as [its] deliverer. Aeschere [has] 1 church, St Peter's, with 1 acre. Godric [has] a church, St Stephen's, with 1 acre. However Thorkil and Edric recall Roger the sheriff as guarantor, saying that they had the church through him, and Roger was such a guarantor for it as any sheriff would rightly have been before 1066.


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All this paid £15 and 6 sesters of honey before 1066; 4s for the customary dues and 8s to the prebendaries. Roger the sheriff gave the whole [of it] at a revenue for £40 at the feast of St Michael. Later on he could not have the tribute, and because of this he pardoned 60s; now it pays £37. And the moneyers paid £4 a year before 1066 for the mint; now they ought to pay
£20, but of four years' [money] they have paid only £27. The Earl has always had the third part.


